Research On Moving Point Targets Detection In Static Background

The moving target detection technology based on image information, has been widely used in military and civil fields. When there is a far distance between the optical imaging system and moving objects, the image of moving objects appears as the shape of point or spots, which is the point target. The moving point target detection technology has been a hot issue in the area of signal and image processing. The realization of this technology could effectively expand the working range of optical-sensors, so as to make it possible to monitor and capture the moving point targets in real time, which has great application value. In the paper the technology of moving point target detection of static background is deeply studied in detail. Main research works and achievements of this thesis are listed as follows:1. The technical difficulties of moving point target detection is analyzed. The development situations of this technology is widely studied and the current representative methods of it are studied, including theoretical foundations, advantages and disadvantages and the sphere of application. Based on above work, the research direction of moving point target detection technology is summarized: simplicity, less time consuming, high reliability and the easy realization on hardware.2. Focusing on the undesirable influence of background jitter and slow translational motion of video images, one grey projection algorithm is discussed in this paper, taking advantage of grey projection correlative operation to estimate the translational motion vector so as to realize the adjustment of the translation error. The algorithm uses the image texture information to implement the automatic selection in different projection sub areas which could effectively removed the projection area with less grey information content and insensitivity to the movement. This method reduces the unnecessary calculation and avoids the estimated error to motion vector due to inaccurate estimates.3. The technology of image pre-processing is studied, including background suppression algorithms and target segmentation algorithms. Two methods of pre-processing of image are studied in details, which are the algorithm based on high-pass filtering theory and the algorithm based on mathematical morphology theory. On the basis of analyzing about some representative threshold division methods, the self-adapting threshold division method is used to extract suspicious points.4. According to the continuity of the point target, a moving target detection algorithm based on image sequences is proposed. This algorithm adopts the center of mass instead of target points to detect the location, and extracts the track of point target through neighborhood search judgment, multi-frame track detection confidence judgment and target's track confirmation. The simulation result shows that, this algorithm can effectively detect point target in static background.