Accounting And Disclosure Of Biological Assets

Biological assets are one of the main factors of production that people are engaged in the agricultural activity, biological assets are important components of agribusiness' assets. Now, a lot of management business of agribusiness has pluralistic trend, and the accounting that suit biological assets of traditional planned economy are facing serious challenge. In 2002, the International Accounting Standard committee released IAS-41, putting forward the imagination of biological assets accounting among them. The Ministry of Finance released agribusiness accounting method -biological assets and agricultural product in 2004. Economic development, pluralism of enterprise business and reform trend of accounting make accounting of biological assets meet modern enterprise need of development. The full article divides into five parts altogether, now every part of content is summarized briefly: Chapter one: Introduction. Sketch background, purpose and meaning in which this article studies, summing up the domestic and international research dynamic status, defining the research range of this article, establishing the research purpose of this article and research approach, and laying a solid foundation for the successor of this article. Chapter two: The biological assets accounting's basic theories. The text introduced the basic theories of biological assets, the concept, characteristic, range and classification of biological assets at first; Expound the basic theories of biological assets confirm and measure, dividing biological confirm into initial confirm and value changed confirm. Initial confirm includes initial confirm of historical cost and initial confirm of natural appreciation. Chapter three: The accounting of biological assets initial confirms. This text expounds that the accounting of biological assets can't just adopt historical cost or sound value, and should adopt different measurement attribute according to historical cost and natural appreciation separately, among them, Actual volume is the base of historical cost accounting, and it's the metering method of primitive cost; Natural appreciation to not ripe biological assets, adopts the amount of time value of the historical cost, which is familiar method of cash flow, to ripe biological assets, according to the importance principle, charge to an account according to the method that is appraised; Then expounded the accumulated depreciation of ripe productive biological assets; The chapter expound the differentiation between ripe and not ripe biological assets in the end. Chapter four: The accounting of biological assets'value-changed confirm. This chapter expound necessity of biological assets'value-changed confirm and biological assets'appraisal at first; Then it proves the planning volume of biological assets'reduction prepare classifiably, the planning volume of agricultural product'reduction prepare and accounting of biological assets'abnormal loss. Chapter five: Disclosure of information biological assets. This chapter has designed the disclosure of biological assets in balance sheet, profit-and-loss statement and cash flow statement of enterprises and the concrete methods. Being different from agribusiness's other assets'disclosure, in order to make biological assets disclosure meet more demands for dependence and dependability of accounting information, agribusiness should not only disclose the historical cost of biological assets but also reveal the natural appreciation volume of biological assets. The possible innovation: (1) This article adopts double measurement attribute of historical cost and natural appreciation of biological assets. Historical costs are charged to an account according to biological actual costs, and it's the primitive metering method; Natural appreciation to not ripe biological assets, adopts the amount of time value of the historical cost, which is familiar method of cash flow, to ripe biological assets, according to the importance principle, charge to an account according to the method that is appraised; Then expounded the accumulated depreciation of ripe productive biological assets; The chapter expound the differentiation between ripe and not ripe biological assets in the end. (2) The method of Biological assets'and agricultural product'planning volume of reduction prepare; When value reduction happens because of market reason, part of the natural appreciation of biological assets or the deferred biological assets value of agricultural products should be eaten up at first, then the historical cost. When value of biological assets and biological assets resume, opposite accounting method should be adopted. (3) The accounting of biological assets'abnormal loss: When biological assets'abnormal loss take place, part of the historical cost and natural appreciation should be eaten up at the same proportion. (4) The concrete disclosure system of biological assets and method of revealing. This chapter designs the concrete disclosure forms, and the method of filling.