| Land use/cover change(LUCC) has not only changed the regional ecological environment, but also have an impact on global change. Landscape pattern changes were caused by land use changes reflects the degree of interference of human activities. Therefore, study land use/cover change and landscape pattern dynamic characteristics of vulnerable areas and hot area, in order to analyze the impact of human activities on the environment of the region, which is significant to rational use of land resources, solve the contradiction between use and protection of natural resources development and promote the healthy development of regional. In this paper, the Tarim River as object of the study, the use of TM remote sensing image as the main source of information, use the transfer matrix of land use, landscape pattern index method to analyze the10-year period2000-2010River area of land use/cover and landscape pattern variation, explored the use of land use change in the law and the comprehensive management of land and is a reasonable evaluation of the Tarim River ecological Engineering with benefits, scientific guidance for the comprehensive management of Tarim basin and the ecological basis for economic development. Specific conclusions are as follows:(1) From the present situation of land use perspective Tarim River in2010, the dominant land-use type is unused land and grassland, respectively45.76%and41.64%of the total basin area, which constitutes reflects the characteristics of arid desert ecological zone in Tarim Basin. Expressed as the number of land-use changes in farmland, residential land area of mining traffic area were increased, Woodland, water and unused land area were decreased. From the point of view of land use transfer, from2000to2010, the interconversion between the important ecological functions of the Tarim Basin land-use types is not very strong.2005to2010construction area gradually increased, net loss of grassland area is small, but have a large transfer area between classes, water area experienced a decrease in the process after the first increase.(2) Through comprehensive analysis of landscape pattern, landscape architecture and mainstream heterogeneity distribution remained unchanged. The study area landscape types of landscape diversity increases, more and more abundant land use, landscape fragmentation strengthened patch shape tends to be complex, landscape connectivity decreased interior space, the spatial distribution of structural trends unstable, edge effects reduce the landscape.(3) By analyzing the arable land, water and unused land three types of landscape types, we can concluded that sandy is advantage landscape in the mainstream, they have irregular shape of the plaque and become more complicate, high proximity between patches and plaque connectivity is good. Under the double impact of human activities and natural processes, irrigated plaque area is increasing, plaque shape tends to be more complex, the degree of landscape fragmentation is increasing and its connectivity between patches constantly getting better, In the water landscape type, each landscape elements change is complex, the general trend is the area of canals and reservoir pond landscape elements were reduced and the beaches and inland lakes area landscape elements became increase; natural water use in the mainstream get reasonable improvement; the landscape dominance of lakes, inland lakes and other natural waters is growing, artificial patch shape tends to be irregular, complex and connectivity is growing. In the case of continuous development planning, unused land landscape patches tend rules, simplified, the degree of landscape fragmentation become smaller and plaques connectivity continuously strengthened. The Tarim river comprehensive ecological benefit is remarkable in engineering, ecological environment is developing toward the good direction. |
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