The Research Of Cryptography Protocol Based On Quantum Entanglement

Quantum cryptography is a new interdisciplinary that combines quantum mechanics andclassic cryptography. Quantum secret sharing is a branch of quantum cryptography thatcombines the principles of quantum mechanics and classic secret sharing. It makes quantuminformation divide into several parts. The participants can effectively recover the originalinformation only with the cooperation by all legal participants. It transmits an unknown quantumstate by classical channel and quantum channel through quantum teleportation. The receiver cancompletely retrieve the quantum information sent from the sender if quantum informationteleportation must be agreed by a trusted third party. We call it as controlled quantumteleportation, and the trusted third party is the controller.It is presented three schemes about quantum secret sharing and quantum teleportation in thispaper. It is used by unitary matrix to encode the information in the Bell states to carry out thesecret sharing in the first protocol. For detecting the eavesdropping, it inserts the random decoyphotons to ensure the safety of the channel. This protocol is not only efficient but also safe. Thesecond scheme as controlled quantum transmission is based on GHZ states. It is presented toverify the identity of the participants by using the theory of entanglement exchange. The thirdone, a multiparty-controlled teleportation (M-CT) scheme with n controller for securelyteleporting an arbitrary unknown single qubit state by using generalizedGreenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states is presented. It is feasible and security.