The Effects Of Antimony Stress On Seeds Germination And Seedlings Growth Of Crops

Antimony is a kind of toxic elements, there is little but widespread in the environment. It is non-essential elements of plant growth. It is easy to be absorbed by the plant when it is in the form of a solution, and with some necessary metabolite competition, so as to show toxicity to plants.This research studies the Sb(III) and Sb(V) stress on four kinds of crop seeds germination and seedling growth through indoor germination experiment and pot experiment. Discussing the influence of Sb(III) and Sb(V) on four kinds of crop seeds germination stage of germination rate and germination potential and seedling growth stage of seedling root length, plant height, seedling fresh weight(including root), relative content of chlorophyll(SPAD value), catalase(CAT) activity. We are tring to reduse antimony stress on the germination of crop seeds by adding some anion. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) The effects of Sb(III) and Sb(V) on the germination of crop seeds are different. Low concentration(≤20 mg/L) of Sb(III) shows promoted effect on the seeds germination of corn and wheat. High concentration(>20mg/L) of Sb(III) shows inhibitory effect on the seeds germination, and the higher the concentration, the greater the inhibition. Low concentration(≤5 mg/L) of Sb(V) shows promoted effect on the seeds germination of wheat. It has inhibitory effects on wheat seeds germination when the concentration is higher than 5mg/L. Sb(V) shows different levels of inhibitory effect on the germination of corn seeds. Sb(III) and Sb(V) shows inhibitory effect on the germination of spinach seeds, and the higher the concentration, the more obvious inhibitory effect. But they have no significant effect on the germination of tomato seeds.(2) Low concentration( ≤ 5mg/L) of the Sb(III) shows promoted effect on the growth of corn seddling root, and with the increase of concentration, Sb(III) shows inhibitory effect, and the higher the concentration, the greater the inhibition. Sb(III) shows promoted effect on wheat seedling root growth, the higher the concentration, the smaller effect. Sb(III) on spinach seedling root growth inhibition, and the higher the concentration, the more obvious inhibitory effect. Low concentration(≤20mg/L) of the Sb(V) shows promoted effect on wheat seedling root growth, It shows inhibitory effect when the concentration is higher than 20mg/L, and the higher the concentration, the more obvious inhibitory effect. Sb(V) inhibits the growth of corn, tomato and spinach seedling root all the time, and the higher the concentration, the more obvious inhibitory effect.(3) Corn and wheat seedling height, fresh weight and the relative content of chlorophyll(SPAD) are increased at first and then decreased under Sb(III) and Sb(V) stress. Low concentration( ≤ 20mg/L) of Sb(III) and Sb(V) can promote the increase of corn and wheat seedling height, fresh weight and the relative content of chlorophyll. Low concentration of Sb(III) can increase 6% and 16% of height, 19% and 14% of fresh weight of wheat and corn seedlings. Sb(III) and Sb(V) show inhibitory effect when the concentration is higher than 20mg/L, and the higher the concentration, the greater the inhibition. High concentration(200mg/L) of Sb(V) can reduse 24% and 32% on weight of wheat and corn seedlings. Sb(III) and Sb(V) shows inhibitory effect on tomato and spinach seedling height, fresh weight and the relative content of chlorophyll, and the higher the concentration, the greater the inhibition. High concentration(200mg/L) of Sb(III) can reduse 86% on fresh weight of spinach seedlings.(4) Corn, wheat, tomato and spinach seedlings catalase(CAT) activity increased in different degrees under the stress of Sb(III) and Sb(V). Low concentration(≤40mg/L) of Sb(III) can increase 111% and 144% on CAT activity of wheat and corn seedlings.There is no obvious effect of corn, wheat, tomato and spinach seed germination under the stress of antimony with phosphate and sulphate. It shows that phosphate and sulphate have no mitigative effect to antimony stress.Anyway, Sb(III) and Sb(V) show promotion at low concentrations(≤20mg/L) on wheat and corn seedlings growth, and show inhibition at high concentration. Sb(III) and Sb(V) show inhibition on tomato and spinach seedlings growth. The concentration range is 20-40mg/L that of Sb(III) and Sb(V) show stress on crop growth, and the toxicity of Sb(III) is stronger than that of Sb(V). There is no use to the seed germination under high concentration of sb stress by adding phosphate and sulfate.