Study On Two Stage Transportation Problems

During the daily life and production, we often need to transport some materials (such as:food, iron and steel, timber, and crude oil etc) or finished products (such as: lutomobiles, clothing, fruit and vegetable, tea etc) from some places to other places. That is the transportation problem. As China access to the World Trade Organization (WTO),the economic business and trade between China and foreign countries become more and more active, and the material transportation amount is increasing. In the wo-rld logistics cost is often used as the criteria of social logistics efficiency, namely the ratio of total logistics in the proportion of GDP [1]. The fewer this ratio is, the higher the logistics efficiency is. This ratio in America and European is about 5% to 10%, but in China it has reached about 18%[2]. As long as one percentage point less of this ratio, hundreds of billions yuan of logistics cost can saved. In this 18% more than half is due to transportation costs [3]. How to reduce the cost of transportation has become one of the most concerned problems in the logistics transportation, and it also is the motivate for theory of transportation problem to focus on solving. Therefore, the resea-rch on the transportation problem has very important theoretical significance and practical application value. The effective theory and method can provide satisfactory transport scheme for decision maker.In this paper, we study a kind of two stage transportation problems. The two stage transportation problem is refers to, under the restrictive of inventory constraints or sal-es volume, transportation processes have to be divided into two stages to complete, so as to minimize the total transportation cost. In the first chapter some background of the transportation problem and the classical model are introduced. The second chapter discussing the two-stage transportation problem with stock in stage 1. We make the theoretical analysis about this problem. According to the analysis of the obtained theo-reticcal results, We provide the tabular method for this model. In the third chapter, we propose the two stage transportation problem with time constraints, give a blocking method for solving, and an numerical example is presented. The fourth chapter is cons-idering the two stage transportation problem with with budget of first stage transporta-tion cost. First,we make theoretical analysis for it, and then give the solution method. The fifth chapter summarizes the whole thesis and put forward some future research work.