Constructions Of DNA Polyhedral With Single Chain And Their Topological Characteristics

DNA is an important carrier of genetic which plays an extremely important role in biological thrive. Research of DNA will help people to understand the mystery of life from a scientific point of view. DNA sequencing also allows us to read and construct a complete set of instructions to life for the first time. The human genome or other living sequencing have not only carries the actual medical sense but an in-depth understanding of life science. The genetic information of life and its expression, and the meaning of philosophy obtained from these information makes DNA as the core of these problems, which receives a lot of attention.In this thesis, single-stranded DNA polyhedra were constructed from the perspectives of graph theory, polyhedral theory and knot theory, and a new theoretical model for DNA polyhedra links was proposed. The purpose of this paper is to learn more about the structure of DNA in life. The main contents include the following four sections:Chapter1introduces the research background and theoretical basis. The understanding of the genetic material is growing, from the genetic information to DNA structure including information architecture, and also a large number of three-dimensional fine structure synthesized by chemists and biologists by DNA molecules. A series of theoretical models have been proposed by Prof. Qiu Wenyuan’s group to explain the synthesized DNA polyhedron, which deepened our understanding. Theoretical foundation contains graph theory, polyhedral theory and knot theory, and their applicability was explained.Chapter2studies the laws of polyhedra composed of DNA single-strand structures. DNA polyhedra link and the new Euler index can well explain of the synthesized DNA polyhedra. On this basis, this chapter proposes single-stranded DNA polyhedra structures and prove the law of their constructions using graph theory. At the same time, the difference between single-link structure and link structure was compared. Chapter3is a comparative study about the properties of the natural state single-stranded DNA molecules and DNA polyhedra. So far we have appreciated a lower intracellular DNA, the genetic material of the virus, laboratory conditions polyhedral synthetic DNA molecule. Life evolved from simple to complex, making their genetic material with many similarities, while single-stranded DNA molecules precisely meet this process. It would lead to a feasible analysis of DNA molecules theoretically and a DNA synthesis with biological significance. We tried to make a new exploration with an aim of analyzing the synthesized DNA polyhedra and polyhedral in living cells.Chapter4is the summary and outlook of the full text. We summarize the advantages and limitations of the method in the paper, and the follow-up work is prospected.