Rearch On Formation Mechanism And Instrumentation Warning Technology Of Typical Rock Collapse In Guizhou

Rock collapse, the typical geological disaster in Guizhou, is hidden, unexpectedand catastrophic. As a typical case, theYaoyanjiao collapse in Weining country has beenanalysed including deformation characteristics, mechanics and formation based on thegeological setting. Then the formation has been verified and the characteristicsinformation in evolution progress has been captured through the numecical simulationof3DEC. After achieved available information, the monitoring and warning indicatorsystem has been setted. Finally, the effect of the monitoring and warning indicatorsystem has been concluded in the construction of Yaoyanjiao collapse project. Theresults is as follows:(1) The typical rock collapse in Guizhou has two characteristics. The slope isantilistirc and the underground are excaved. The rock slope consist of hard rock andsoft rock, this situation provide necessary condition for triggering rock collapses,which is not disadvantage to deformation and the stability of rock slope.(2) Take Yaoyanjiao collapse as typical case, the emergence of toppling rockcollapse is attributed to the geological setting, the geological condition of rock slopeand human activity. the formation prosess of Yaoyanjiao collapse can be divided intofour stages: nature evolution, excavation disturd, cave in and failure.(3) The simulated result by3DEC indicated that the structure of rock slope playimportant roles in the exchange of stress and strain in rock slope, the deformation ofslope is demarcated by the discontinuity, the subsidence in the affected areas of goafis obvious.(4) It’s necessary to ensure the monitoring object and point through theenvironment and the failure mechanism and deformation of the rock collapse. For therock collapse without professional monitoring, mass prediction and disasterprevention is effective.(5) The4grades has been divided which are attention, caution, alert and warning.The4grades are identified by blue, yellow, orange and red. The deformation monitoring and instrumentation warning index are including displacement changes ofrock mass, relative displacement of crack, incline changes and sound information. Theinstrumentation warning index can be confirmed by three methods.(6) the Yaoyanjiao collapse instrumentation warning project played an exemplaryrole. The results indicated that the residual dangerous rock of Yaoyanjiao collapse isin gradual deformation stage. the disaster alert value has been achieved according tothe mechanical calculation and DDA simulation verification and divided into fourwarning grades.