| The topic is a technology research project that is funding byNational Natural Science Foundation Project of “The principleresearch of continuous on line detection of ice extinction processesand strength mechanical based on the differences in the physicalcharacteristics of air, ice and water (No.51279122).â€In the cold winter of China’s northeast, north, northwest areas,the rivers and reservoirs will form the vast frozen areas, the hydraulicstructures and equipments in these areas are often damaged by staticice pressure produced by ice layer, and even lead to fully damaged.Due to the complex nature of the ice material and the specialconditions of each region, the detection and calculation of static icepressure is a recognized problem in ice mechanics study. Due to lackof effective methods and equipment in detecting static ice pressure, itmakes getting real time static ice pressure data very difficult and lackof data, and therefore achieves the static ice pressure and relatedphysical parameters continuously and automatically is an importantcontent in the field of ice mechanics research.Integrated application of some relative technologies ofphotodetector, this paper designed a static ice pressure automaticdetection system based on reflective intensity modulated fiber opticpressure sensor (RIM FOPS), which can be used to continuous detection of static ice pressure values in the process of growing andextinction of river ice cover. In the period of January2014to March2014, the authors installed the new developed detection equipment ofstatic ice pressure in Wanjiazhai Reservoir. The equipment collectedthe value of static ice pressure in whole winter and collected icethickness, temperature and ice temperature and a series of relevantphysical parameters affect the static ice pressure simultaneously. Theexperimental data was analyzed. A large number of field dataobjectively reflect the variation rule of static ice pressure in frozenperiod of the reservoirs. It provides scientific and technical data andrelative theoretical basis for designing and protecting hydraulicstructures in cold regions.This paper mainly completed the following research contents:(1) Through literature retrieval, I summarize the current researchresults and methods of static ice pressure detection technology, andcollect related domestic or foreign existing of static ice pressure valuecalculation models and empirical formulas. Through analysis of staticice pressure and some relative physical parameters those influence ofstatic ice pressure, we put forward while detecting the static icepressure,the relative physical parameters should be detected at thesame time, including ice temperature gradient, ice thickness, airtemperature and the temperature rise rate, etc.;(2) Considering that the mechanism of static ice pressure and thespecific requirements of the engineering application environment indetecting static ice pressure. We put forward to the design protect thatapply the RIM FOPS to static ice pressure detection system,according to the characteristics of static ice pressure detection systemwe designed the structure and management software of static ice pressure detection system, such as mechanical structure, opticalsystem, acquisition circuit and system software, etc.(3) We did the temperature compensation and the mechanicscalibration experiments for the static ice pressure detection systemthat based on RIM FOPS in the laboratory. We applied it to winterfield experiment in Wanjiazhai reservoir on Yellow River, and thenanalyzed the data collected in field experiment in winter, includingthe value of static ice pressure, ice thickness and ice temperaturegradient etc., and we put some advices on the further research of staticice pressure detection technology. |
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