Inversion Research Of Thunder Cloud Charge Structure Based On Multi-station Atmospheric Electric Field

The observation of surface electrostatic field is an important part in the study of atmospheric electricity, real-time detection on the ground of field becomes one of the means to study the characteristics of thunderstorms. In the analysis of the observation electric date of thunderstorm closing the ground, we can get the fractal characteristics of lightning, the fractal characteristics of lightning, strengthen the understanding of lightning physics properties. Multi stations can be obtained by inverse evolution and distribution of thunderstorm cloud information parameters of strong charge center.The difficulty of the thunderstorm charge structure inversion lies in nonlinear inversion process. Because the mode we set obtains lots of assumptions and estimates, the results of calculation are affected by many factors, and the performance of the algorithm is directly related to the accuracy of the inversion. According the problems involved in inversion of the charge structure of thunderstorm cloud, this paper sets how to improve the inversion of the goodness of fit as the starting point, combining particle swarm algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm as a new hybrid algorithm to inversion the charge structure of the thunderstorm cloud. We use the jump ability of the simulated annealing algorithm to solve the problem that the single particle swarm has a poor performance of global search, and balance the local exploitation ability and the ability of global optimization. The results show that the algorithm converges to good effect, the goodness of fit is better, and also not excessively increase the computation time.Basing the hybrid algorithm of thundercloud charge structure, we use the surface electric field data caused by a thunderstorm in JIANGNAN area to reverse the charge structure by hybrid inversion algorithm. The results show that:the charge structure presented a typical triple structure, a positive charge region exists at the cloud base, the cloud contains a strength larger main negative charge region and a main positive charge region.In order to eliminate the environmental factors influence to the atmospheric electric field, this paper does some researches to find out the relationships between them, and gives the correction functions. In addition, this paper also introduces a new 3D atmospheric electric field instrument. The experiment, using independent developed instrument, shows that in dry soil and rock surface and other surface of small relative dielectric constant material it have larger horizontal electric field component, also verifies that this method has feasibility in detecting thundercloud charge position.