| China is a major mining country. Through long-term and large-scale development of mineral resources, we have made enormous contribution for the national construction and development, however it also causing serious damage to the ecological environment because of the neglect of environmental impact and even to some extent at the expense of the environment. With the deployment of ecological civilization strategy and the implementation of the industrialization and the continuous progress of city development, resource demand will continue to increase, thus causing more contradictions between supply and demand of and environmental pressure. At this circumstance, the only correct strategy is the development of circular economy, building a resource conserving and environment friendly society. We should pay enough attention to environmental problems and the effect to the national economy and society in the course of mineral resources utilization.Environmental pollution has been one of the long-standing problems that threat the benefit of people’s living hood. The environmental impact assessment system, using its advanced prevention function, can not only prevent environmental pollution at its source, but also during the process and at the end, meanwhile it bring up some new ideas for environmental protection. However, the implementation of environmental impact assessment system did not seem to have its desired effect. There are still some environmental pollution accidents caused by the mineral resources enterprises that have passed the EIA.Our country’s environmental impact assessment system has continuously developed. It has become the guarantee of promoting China’s environmental impact assessment and carrying out environmental protection work in depth. At the same time, China’s environmental impact assessment legislation and law enforcement supervision work is not optimistic, especially in the development and utilizing mineral resources, a series of system of EIA law have not been effectively implemented, leading to the frequent environmental pollution problems during the process of mineral resources utilization. By so we need to improve the environmental impact assessment system in the process of the mineral resources utilization.This paper first introduces the environmental impact assessment and the environmental impact assessment law system. Then it introduces the present situation of the mineral resources" utilization and the environment impact assessment (EIA) of mineral resources utilization and concludes that environmental impact assessment system play a very important role in the process of utilizing mineral resources as to protect the environment. Through elaborating the relationship between the development of mineral resources exploitation and environmental protection, analyzing the ecological problems caused by the utilization of the mineral resources, it reach a conclusion that strengthening environmental protection is of great significance in the process of mineral resources utilization and we should think more on the problems of mine environment protection in china.This paper expounds the defects in the current comprehensive mineral resources environmental impact assessment system such as:planning environmental impact assessment system is not perfect, the EIA start time is fuzzy, lacking of EIA administrative supervision, lacking of supervision for environmental protection administrative departments, lacking of legal supervision for the administrative personnel... And makes a detailed analysis on these defects, Thus we have find the reasons. This paper further compares the environmental assessment system between China and USA, focusing on the legislative form, objective, the evaluation subject, evaluation time, the EIA process, the contents of the report, the public participation etc.Finally, combined with opinions and suggestions bring by scholars, it put forward the solutions:perfect the strategic environmental assessment system, examination the approval system, strengthen the public participation, actively participate in international exchanges and cooperation, promote the mining area planning, carry out comprehensive utilization of tailings, establish and improve the ecological compensation mechanism, perfect the mine geological environment protection legal system, introduced the "Mine Geological Environmental Protection Regulations" as soon as possible, in order to further improve the system of environmental impact assessment system. |
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