The Study About Bird Community Structure Based On Functional Traits In Secondary Forests

We investigated the breeding bird community structure and functional traits in five secondary forests with different stand ages from 2012 to 2014 in Jilin Province and combind the date in 2011. According to the investigation result,this article discusses the changing trends of species diversity indexes(Shannon-Wiener species diversity index, Simpson diversity index, species richness index, species evenness index and similarity coefficient) and functional diversity indexes(Shannon-Wiener functional diversity index, functional richness index and functional evenness index) with the increasing stand age, and make correlation coefficients between functional diversity indexes and Species diversity. The results showed as follows:116 bird species, belonging to 15 orders 37 families, were recorded in our surveys. There are 58 bird species, belonging to 9 orders 22 families in 40 a secondary forest. There are 74 bird species, belonging to 12 orders 32 families in 50 a secondary forest. There are 61 bird species, belonging to 9 orders 23 families in 60 a secondary forest. There are 58 bird species, belonging to 9 orders 22 families in 40 a secondary forest. There are 72 bird species, belonging to 9 orders 25 families in 70 a secondary forest. There are 73 bird species, belonging to 12 orders 25 families in 40 a secondary forest. The dominant species were different in five secondary forests with different stand ages.The difference of Simpson bird diversity index in forests with different stand ages was extremely significant(P=0.001), and the Shannon-Wiener bird species diversity index also differed significantly(P=0.011), and they have the same changing trends. The Pielou evenness index of bird communities in forests with different stand age did not differed significantly(P=0.123). There were fewest common species and lowest similarity coefficient between the 40 a forest and the 50 a forest,however,there were most common species and highest similarity coefficient between the 70 a forest and 80 a forest.The difference of Shannon-Wiener functional diversity index、functional richness index and functional evenness index in forests with different stand ages were all significant. Shannon-Wiener functional diversity index and functional evenness index increased at early stage,then declined at medium stage, and became stable at mature stage. The functional richness index continued to rise, and became stable at 70 a.With the increasing stand age, Shannon-Wiener functional diversity index and Shannon-Wiener species diversity index had the same changing trend, the changing trend of functional richness index and species richness index were different, and the changing trend of functional evenness index and species evenness index were also different. It isn’t the higher the species diversity indexes were, the higher the functional diversity indexes became, or the lower the species diversity indexes were, the lower the functional diversity indexes became. The correlation coefficients between functional diversity indexes and Species diversity showed that, there was a mid and positive correlation between functional richness index and Shannon-Wiener species diversity index. There was a mid and positive correlation between functional richness index and species evenness index. There was a mid and positive correlation between functional evenness index and species richness index. The Shannon-Wiener functional diversity index was weak negatively related to species evenness index.