Diversity Of Sulfur-cycling Bacteria Of Subgalical System Oftianshan No.1 Glacier In Xinjiang, China

In this study, based on the limitations of PCR technology on molecular microbial ecology application, to build a method based on microorganism living cells detection on subglacial environment Molecular Microbial Ecology. Clone libraries were constructed using apr A functional gene, Phylogenetic analysis included aligning apr A sequences from reference strains and sequences of highest amino acid identity to cultured and uncultured apr A sequences in the NCBI database. To studying diversity of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria(SOB)and sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB) in Glacier bottom sediments. By aerobic and anaerobic enrichment, Separated and identificated the bacterias which can metabolize sulfur composites and the physiological, biochemical and biological characteristics of the collects which can effectively oxidize sulfur were studied. Analyzed mediating sulfur cycle microbial community structure of subgalical system of Tianshan No.1 glacier to explain biogeochemical processes occurring. Screened and identificated of metabolic sulfur bacteria strains and studied the physiological and biochemical characteristics was conducive to resolve the composition and abundance of environmental sulfur bacteria, as well as to provide a reference for the development and the use of biotechnology potential of low temperature microbial strains. Apr A functional gene clone library showed that three samples of microorganisms mediating sulfur cycle in Tianshan Glacier NO.1 mainly belonged to Proteobacteria, Unclassified and Bacteria. Obligate anaerobic enriched SRB of 8B sample belonged to Deltaproteobacteria(10%), Gammaproteobacteria(27%), Betaproteobacteria(30%) and Alphaproteobacteria(4%). The clones of anaerobic enriching SOB of 1B sample belonged to proteobacteria only distributed in three phylums: Deltaproteobacteria(2%), Gammaproteobacteria(16%) and Betaproteobacteria(16%). Aerobic enriched SOB of 9B sample of Proteobacteria mainly made up by Deltaproteobacteria(5%), Gammaproteobacteria(15%) and Betaproteobacteria(7%). The results of Statistical of three samples: 9B sample were mainly distributed in Thiocapsa(20%), Allochromatium(10%), Thiobacillus(40%), Thiorhodococcus(10%), Desulfovibrio(10%) and Sulfurisoma(10 %), 8B sample mainly included Desulfacinum(5%), Desulfonatronovibrio(19%), Thiobacillus(51%), Thiocystis(5%), Lamprocystis(5%), Thiococcus(5%), Desulfovibrio(5%) and Desulfarculus(5%) 8 genera, the results of 1B sample indicated that the microorganisms in bottom of the glacial deposits mainly belonging to Thiobacillus(50%), Thiodictyon(20%), Sulfuricella(10%), Sulfuritalea(10%) and Desulfonatronovibrio(10%) 6 genera. Isolated Strains belonged to Alphaproteobacteria, Bataproteobacteria and Actinobacteridae. Strains HH4-1-9, AB5I-1-2, AB5II-1-10, 8B5I-15, 8C5I-25 and A8B4-1-3, AMB6-2-3 respectively belonged to Micrococcineae and Corynebacterineae. Section were HH4-1-9, AB5I-1-2 and AB5II-1-10 had highest similarity with Arthrobacter sulfureu and Arthrobacter sulfonivorans. 8B5I-23, 8B5I-22 and AMB4-2-24 had highest homology with Caulobacteraceae bacterium, Caulobacter sp. and Brevundimonas bullata and were Caulbacteraceae. 8B5I-14, 8B5I-11 and 8B5I-16 belonged to Erythrobacteraceae. Screened Bataptoteobacteria strain was relatively little, only two: AMB6-2-5 and AB5I-1-13. AB5II-1-10: Gram-negative strains, colony diameter of about 0.8-1.0μm, fusiform bacteria of 2.0-4.0μm, the optimum growth p H and temperature range were 5.0-8.0, 16-24℃, the optimum sodium thiosulfate concentration was 15%. HH4-1-9 was gram-positive,rod bacteria, colony diameter of about 1.2mm, the optimum temperature and p H range were 20℃-25℃, 6.0-8.0. the optimum sodium thiosulfate concentration was 10%.