| With the continuous development and progress of economic and society, people’s demand for natural resources is expanding rapidly, especially for coal, oil, natural gas and etc. which meet our various and diversified needs. Among them, oil, a strategic material, is an extraordinarily important energy resource and chemical raw material, which has been widely used in a variety of fields of social life, including industry, agriculture, military and other fields. Thus, to discover and develop new oil and gas storage areas reasonably, efficiently and fast has become a major strategic task in the world recently. Currently, seismic exploration technology is a very important method to explore for oil and natural gas. The seismic data produced in the process of seismic exploration is a very important material to study the geological structure. But in practice, those data can reach more than 10 GB, even TB level, so to compress those data reasonably and rationally can save the costs of data storage and data transmission. The fault of geological structure has been a research focus of the experts for it severs as oil and gas storage and transport channel, thus fault interpreted has become one of the vital issues in the seismic interpretation. A more accurate identification of faults can help geological researchers analyze and judge the underground construction, oil and gas reservoir better. Therefore, processing seismic data reasonably and improving the accuracy of fault identification are meaningful and significance.This paper had studied the storage format of SEG-Y seismic data and the basic principles of wavelet analysis and researched three computation methods of coherence cube attributes of fault reinforcement seismic data, including coherent algorithm of first generation, second generation, third generation. This paper had compared the advantages and disadvantages of several algorithms. Furthermore, this paper had researched the SPIHT algorithm in Wavelet Image Compression and applicated it to compression processing of seismic data.By seismic data experiment analyzed the relationship with the number of wavelet transform and SPIHT scan times PSNR and compression rate and the compressed data visual effect. Also, this paper did research on the basic principle of Ant Colony algorithm and its application in image edge detection, then proposed an improved Ant Colony algorithm, being used in the application ofcoherent slice fault line track to facilitate experts understand faults interpretation better.Specific work contents are as follows:Firstly, this paper did study and research regarding to the knowledge of geological exploration, including the acquisition of seismic data, the storage format of SEG-Y seismic data and the core theoretical knowledge of wavelet transform in the field of signal and image processing. Then, mastered the knowledge of SPIHT algorithm and successfully compressed the seismic data by using it.Secondly, this papers did study and research with respect to the coherence properties of the fault reinforcement, including the basic principle and calculation method of first, second and third generations of coherence body. Moreover, realized the algorithm of three kinds of coherence in experiments on the seismic data, and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of several algorithms.Thirdly, this paper did study and research regarding to the knowledge of SPIHT algorithm based on wavelet transform in the field of the wavelet image compression, and applied to the seismic data compression.By seismic data experiment analyzed the relationship with the number of wavelet transform and SPIHT scan times PSNR and compression rate and the compressed data visual effect.Finally, this paper did study and research about the basic principle of Ant Colony algorithm and analyzed its application in image edge detection. Then, proposed an improved Ant Colony algorithm and used it in the application of coherent slice fault line track, which improved the accuracy of fault tracking. |
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