Study On The Tissue Culture Of Arundo Donax

Based on Arundo donax were collected from field growing and tissue culture plantlets of laboratory condition as the explants. Plant tissue culture technique was applied to study the effects of explant type and different exogenous hormone treatment on the rapid propagation system of A. donax. This research can provide theoretical basis on the establishment and perfection of the rapid propagation system, breeding and industrialization of high quality cuttings of A. donax. The main test results were as follows:1. The test results of selection of explants of A. donax:(1)The best explant and the size of field plantlets were the 0.5 cm unilaminar young leaves.(2)The best explant and the size of tissue culture plantlets were the 1 cm tender stem segments upon the tillering node of 20d aseptic seedling.2. The test results of callus induction of A. donax:(1) The best leaf callus-inducing medium of field plantlets was MS+1.5 mg/L 2,4-D+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.05 mg/L KT, and the callus rate was92.22%.(2) The best tender stem segment callus-inducing medium of tissue culture plantlets was MS+2.5 mg/L 2,4-D+1.0 mg/L NAA+0.05 mg/L KT, and the callus rate was 93.33%.(3) Both young leaves of field plantlets and tender stem segments of tissue culture plantlets, dark condition was suitable for their callus induction.3. The test results of callus proliferation of A. donax:(1) The best leaf callus proliferation medium of field plantlets was MS+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.05 mg/L KT, and the multiplication coefficient was2.76.(2) The best tender stem segment callus proliferation Medium of tissue culture plantlets was MS+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.05 mg/L KT, and the multiplication coefficient was 1.76.4. The test results of callus differentiation of A. donax:(1) The best leaf callus differentiation medium of field plantlets was MS+0.2 mg/L NAA+2.0 mg/L 6-BA, and the differentiation rate was 40.00%.(2) The best tender stem segment callus differentiation medium of tissue culture plantlets and MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L 6-BA, and the differentiation rate was 30.00%.5. The test results of multiplication and rooting of bud:The best bud multiplication medium was MS+4.0 mg/L 6-BA, and the proliferation rate was 2.98.The rootless seedlings of A. donax were easily to took root, it can formed a well-developed root system At a later stage of multiplication, even if it was cultivated more than 40 d under the best multiplication conditions. On the other hand, the root less seedings can develop root system in 20 d in a blank MS medium.6. Hardening-seedling and transplanting of the regeneration plantArundo donax regeneration plant was very easily to survive. When transplant to a peat: garden soil= 1:1 matrix, the survival rate of the regeneration plants could be reach up to 96.00% in the greenhouse, and 95.67% on a concrete under out-door condition. After transplant those healthy and robust seedings which up to 30 cm above to the growing field, the survival rate can reach up to 98%. In the first year individuals, tiller number of one A. donax plant can reach 30-40, the stem length grew an average of 3 m. The tallest plant was 4.3 m, the diameter of its stem was 1.8 cm, and the dry weight was 45.2%. The output of these A. donax reach 84 t/hm2.