| About 94 genus plants of Phoebe Nees are surviving in many places at our planet. They are mainly living in the Tropical areas of American and some places of Asia. According to the book named Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae, there are 34 species and 3 varieties in China. They are mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. Phoebe Nees is Chinese traditional precious tree specie, as known as " the gold in wood ". They usually have tall and big limbs. Most of them is casuarina. Because of the characteristics of beautiful shapes, higher branch points, less plant diseases, the culture connotation of luck and honor, they are widely used in city’s landscape. The wood of Phoebe Nees is very flintiness, which is not easy to crack structures. They can send special scent with the thing what made by the wood of Phoebe Nees. So most of craftsmen choose it to make constructions, furniture and decorations. The Phoebe zhennan S. Lee what is famouse of is this genus. Hubei province is located in the middle reach of Yangtze river and has warm wet weather. At this area, rain and heat is usually on the same period. This is good at Phoebe Nees’s growing. So Hubei province is a big province of distribution and application of Phoebe Nees’s resources. Phoebe Nees is distributed in Hubei province and mainly distributes in the vally areas such as Enshi and Yichang. Planting mainly distributes in Jingzhou, Yichang and other plain areas, While more of the wild resources can be found in warm and wet valleys. Generally They deeds in terms of fagaceae plant for a group of kind natural temperate as companion species in evergreen broad-leaved forest. Because some of Phoebe Nees has similar external form what lead to someone make incorrectly decision when they identified and applicated. According to its huge market and ecological value, how to accurately and quickly judge the varieties of Phoebe Nees and excavate their landscape application potential to make it to suitable for the demand of the modern landscape market, has very important theoretical and pratical significance.This study is based on the research of predecessors about the system of Lauraceae. According to collected data, based on evidence from gross-morphology, made the comprehensive analysis and comparison the gross-morphology between five varieties of Phoebe Nees’s leaves. The comparison of the hyperspectral characteristics between five varieties of Phoebe Nees’s leaves will lead to establish the corresponding mathematical models to determine which variety is. The discriminant model can be used to distinguish the types of the plant.The gross-morphology of plant’s leaves is very important for plant’s morphological classification. Therefore, in terms of morphological classification, comparison and measurement the leaves of five mainly species of Phoebe Nees in Hubei province, some important morphological characteristics can be converted to intuitive data statistics. These data statistics can be used to statistical analysis. The results showed:different kinds of Phoebe Nees have different characteristics about their leaves, but also have a certain degree of similarity. It is difficult to use traditional methods for accurate descritption. After the leaves of Phoebe Nees be scanned, the length, width, leaf area, leaf base angle data of these leaves can be found and analyzed. The results showed that there are significant differences between species of Phoebe Nees. In these specials, Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble has huge different to others. It can be very easy to distinguish with the size of the leaves. But Phoebe zhennan S. Lee is so similar as Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yang. It is difficult to distinguish these one which only basing on the gross-morphology, size, the situation about the epidermis adhesion of the leaves. It should be careful to distinguish from other places. Observing the leaf epidermis structure of Phoebe Nees under the light microscope and electron microscope, the result showed that under the skin structure is more complex than on. The different is including about distribution of stomatal and the form of epidermal cells. Five specials of Phoebe Nees has very obvious differentiation of palisade tissue and spongy tissue, and there is wax layer on the epicuticle. But there has some difference about the thickness of the cell and wax layer between palisade tissue and spongy tissue. Phoebe sheareri(Hemsl.) Gamble has obvious existence of waxy layer on the surface. Under the waxy layer, a layer of cylindrical cells arranged in rows. The divisions between palisade tissue and spongy tissue is serious. The epidermal cells have irregular arrangement. The divisions between palisade tissue and spongy tissue of Phoebe neurantha (Hemsl.) Gamble is not serious, and the same as Phoebe zhennan S. Lee’s. And these two have the shorter length of the palisade tissue.Difference plant has difference inherent chemical composition and molecular structure. So under the infrared spectrum, it will present a different corresponding characteristics. In recent years, the application of hyperspectral technology is wildly used to the plant classification, especially for some morphological characteristics of similar species. Hyperspectral technology is developed on the basis of the spectroscopy measurement. It has so many characteristics such as high resolution ratio and large amout of information. It can solve the problem how to identify similar plants. Based on the characteristics of five specials Phoebe Nees’s of Hubei province what use stepwise discriminant to choose characteristic wavelengths. The results showed that their spectral reflectance characteristics are mainly focused on 300nm to 1100nm. Between the wavelength of 530nm to 530nm will be a "monterosso". The sequence of the refection wavelength is Phoebe neurantha (Hemsl.) Gamble> Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yang> Phoebe zhennan S. Lee> Phoebe chekiangensis C.B.Shang> Phoebe sheareri(Hemsl.) Gamble. Combining with the fisher linear discriminant method. the discriminant analysis model will be built. Accdording to the model, it can be easily to distinguish for these specials of Phoebe Nees. It also can identify a new method to quickly identify what special it can be.As a traditional excellent species in China, Phoebe Nees is evergreen in every season and has a beautiful style of tree. Especially in Chinese traditional culture, it has a very good symbolism. So landscape practitioners pay more attention to it. It will become the ideal tree species in the modern landscape construction. Phoebe Nees has wildly distribution range, strong adaptability, less plant diseases and insect pests, seeding survival easily, low maintenance cost. So it can be used as one of the cultivation of economic forest tree species. Phoebe Nees’s wood grain is exquisite, not easy to deformation and corrosion resistance. It is a good furniture and architecture material. Above all, Phoebe Nees not only has the high economic and ecological value, but also has scientific research and conservation value. It is suitable for widely cultivated. |
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