| Food is the source of the life energy, and is the basic condition for the survival of animals, food nutrition ingredient content for primate food choice is very important. Life in the karst area of Assamese macaque, for a long time have adapted to the local habitat environment. So, the foraging choice whether affected by food nutrient content? Young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves as Nonggang Assamese macaque’s main food, whether the nutrients content affect the food choices of assamese macaque? To answer these questions, the relationship between Assamese macaque’s food nutrition and food choice were studied. The study in August, December 2014 and May 2015 in Nonggang National Nature Reserve, were collected from the Assamese macaque 7 kinds of main food and 18 kinds of non food, and determination of plant water, dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash and minerals (Ca、Mg、P、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn) content, and calculate the ratio of corresponding crude protein and crude fiber. By compare and analyze the discrepancy between the main food and nonfood items each nutrient content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber, the discrepancy between young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves and non food nutrition ingredient content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber, to explore the food choices of Assamese macaque whether affected by food each nutrient content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber, whether affected by young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves each nutrient content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber. The analysis results are as follows:1.Difference from different parts of the Collected plant:water, crude protein, P and Zn content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber of the young leaves of plants in Nonggang National Nature Reserve were higher than the mature leaves and fruits of plants; and crude fiber, crude fat, Ca and Fe contents were lower than the mature leaves and fruits of plants. The results showed that:Assamese macaque in Nonggang National Nature Reserve like eating plant leaves, probably because of the water, crude protein, P and Zn content as well as the value of crude protein and crude fiber of the young leaves of plants is higher, and the crude fiber, crude fat, Ca and Fe content is lower.2.Differences of each nutrient content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber between the main food and nonfood items:(1)Young leaves of the main food compared with young leaves of non food:in moisture, crude protein and P content have extremely significant difference, in dry matter and Zn content have significant differences, in crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber have not difference. The results show that food choices of Assamese macaque in Nonggang National Nature Reserve affected by the moisture, dry matter, crude protein, P and Zn content of the young leaves of food, and not affected by food young leaves in crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber.(2)Mature leaves of the main food compared with mature leaves of non food:in dry matter, crude fiber, crude fat, Mg, P, Cu, Zn and the value of crude protein and crude fiber have extremely significant difference, in moisture, crude protein, crude ash, Ca, Fe and Mn content did not differ. The results show that food choices of Assamese macaque in Nonggang National Nature Reserve affected by food mature leaf’s dry matter, crude fiber, crude fat, Mg, P, Cu, Zn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber, and not affected by food mature leaves in moisture, crude protein, crude ash, Ca, Fe and Mn content.(3)Fruit of the main food compared with fruit of non food:in moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber have not difference.The results show that the food choices of Assamese macaque in Nonggang National Nature Reserve not affected by their food fruit in moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber.3.Differences of each nutrient content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber between young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves and nonfood items:(1)Young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves and parts of non food compared:young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves and young leaves of non food in the moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, P, Cu, Fe, Zn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber have extremely significant differences, in the crude ash content have significant differences; and mature leaf of non food in moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Fe, Zn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber has extremely significant differences, in crude fiber content has a significant difference; and fruit of non food in crude protein and P content has a very significant difference, in moisture, dry matter, Mn content and the value of crude protein and crude fiber have significant differences. The results show that in the young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves compared with non-food ways, the food choices of Assamese macaque in Nonggang National Nature Reserve affected by moisture, dry matter, crude protein, P content as well as the value of crude protein and crude fiber of young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves.(2)Young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves compared with mature leaves and bamboo needles of Indocalamus calcicolus:Young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves and mature leaves of Indocalamus calcicolus in the moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, P, Cu, Fe, Zn content as well as crude protein and crude fiber ratio have extremely significant differences, in the content of Mg has significant difference; and bamboo needle of Indocalamus calcicolus in moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, Mg, P, Mn, Zn content as well as the value of crude protein and crude fiber have a very significant difference, in Cu content have significant differences. Results show that:in the young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves compared with mature leaves and bamboo needles of Indocalamus calcicolus ways, the food choices of Assamese macaque in Nonggang National Nature Reserve affected by moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Zn content and crude protein and crude fiber ratio of young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves.In summary, the food choices of Assamese macaque in Nonggang National Nature Reserve affected by moisture, dry matter, crude protein and P content as well as the ratio of crude protein and crude fiber of young parts of Indocalamus calcicolus unexpanded leaves. |
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