Pairing Superfluidity Of 3D Three-component Ultracold Fermi Gases Under SOC

The understanding of the spin-orbit coupling effect of electrons in the atoms led to the development of condensed matter physics. As technology advances, scientists have realized synthetic spin-orbit coupling between ultracold atoms in the laboratory. There are many new physical phenomena in such a system. It’s a powerful tool for people to explore the atomic world. Spielman’s group in NIST has successfully generated synthetic SOC, which is selected as our research object. Starting from the Hamiltonian, we can obtain the single-particle dispersion spectra and then consider the coupling between two hyperfine states of the system. There are two types of pairing states, BCS state with zero center-of-mass momentum and Fulde-Ferrell (FF) pairing state with finite center-of-mass momentum. In recent years more attention has been focused on the FF pairing state. We study the phase transition property by plotting the phase boundary between the normal state and superfluidity state in a three-dimensional three-component Fermi gas with the synthetic SOC. We can get a comprehensive understanding for the physics explored in spin-orbit coupled ultracold Fermi gases.