Transcriptome Sequencing Studies Of Glucose Treated On Caenorhabditis Elegans Under Simulated Microgravity

The characteristics of the space environment are a high vacuum, microgravity, strong ionizing radiation, extreme temperatures, etc. In addition to the factor of microgravity,other factors could be avoided by aircraft cockpit designing and the necessary life support system equipped to achieve a stable cabin temperature, radiation shielding and oxygen-rich conditionsto reduce the harm to the organism. Microgravity could cause biometric system disorder, osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, space sickness, the change of the cytoskeleton and influence biological pathways of signal transduction and cell proliferation and differentiation. It has always been adopting physical exercise, drug safety and nutrition supplement to alleviate the negative effects of microgravity. Adding small molecule nutrients like glucosewhether have an good impact on the molecular level in C. elegans under simulated microgravity. It has not been reported.This thesis is based on Caenorhabditis elegans as an experimental model of simulated microgravity on ground.Glucose as C. elegans supplements under simulated microgravity, and then use Illumina Hi Seq platform to do the reference genome transcriptome sequencing for treatment and control group. Get differentially expressed genes in different treatment group at the transcriptome level, and analysis the effects of glucose on simulated microgravity in C. elegans.The results showed that the concentration of glucose in the medium and the survival rate of C. elegans has a negative relationship between the dose. Effects of simulated microgravity on C. elegans survival was not significant, but glucose for C. elegans under simulated microgravity has reduced the survival rate.From the transcriptome sequencing analysis of the differences in genetic simulated microgravity compared with the control group, there are 354 differentially expressed genes, of which 141 up-regulated and 213 downregulated; Under simulated microgravity and added glucose of C. elegans gene expression have 426 differentially expressed genes, of which 391 up-regulated genes and 35 down-regulated genes.After GO and KEGG pathway analysis, under simulated microgravity were significantly upregulated enzymes and proteins, like GST and TUBA, and significantly down regulated, like SCD, ACO, UGT, ACSL, ACOX1, ACOX3, DYNC2 H, GGA etc.It follows that simulated microgravity could imbalance the content of reactive oxygen species and oxide, and the up regulated expression of GST help keep redox balance in vivo. The reduced expression of DYNC2 H may effect worm motor neuron development and weakens the body cell mitosis power;SCD, ACO, UGT, ACSL, ACOX1 and ACOX3 are the enzymes which related to the metabolism of fatty acid synthesis and oxidation process, weakened the nematodes lipid metabolism process, reduced the incidence of energy.Effect of glucose on C.elegans under simulated microgravity is mainly associated with lipid metabolism genes, SCD is the most differentially expressedenzyme, positive regulation of transcription factors SBP-1, NHR-49 and MDT-15’s target genes are SCD(fat-5 and fat-7), insulin / IGF-1 signaling pathway by target gene daf-16 is fat-5, fat-6 and fat-7 positive regulation SCD expression. The sbp-1, nhr-49, mdt-15 and daf-16 gene expression levels were raised, which promote the expression of SCD. The high expression of SCD lead to the ratio of MUFAs and SFAs increased, and the permeability of cell membranes will enhance; HADH and ACO are important enzymes of the fatty acid oxidation, to promote the oxidation process. Lead to the fluctuations of energy in nematode and do harm to the cell to a certain extent. Therefore, longevity and fecundity may be reduced.Although glucose to C. elegans under simulated microgravity has produced certain damage, but it repair the influence of simulated microgravity on dynein to some extent, and restore the expression of simulated microgravity on nematodes of some enzymes. It can be used as a basis for other small molecule nutrients such as amino acids, minerals, fatty acids and so on, further study of small molecule nutrient effect on organisms living in the space microgravity environment. Provide molecular basis for the subsequent biology research.