Research On Minimizing Of Food Waste With Microbial Technology

In this paper, the microorganism strains which can degrade the food waste effectively were screened, then composition of the strains and the carrier materials was optimized, finally a microorganism agent which can degrade the food waste effectively was prepared. The operation parameters of the microbial degradation equipment of food waste and the progress parameters for degradation of food waste were optimized in order to promise the high degradation efficiency of food waste with the microorganism agent in the microbial degradation equipment. And the products of degradation of food wastes used on agriculture were studied to obtain a method to treat the food waste innocuously, reducing and recycling.The experimental research and productions has been expatiated as follows:The physical and chemical properties of food waste have been made clear. The contents of moisture, carbohydrate, protein, fat, cellulose in the food wastes were 72.858%, 5.588%,14.584%,3.13%,1.958%, respectively. The pH of the food waste was 6.74. Making use of kinds of the corresponding culture mediums to screen strains on basis of collecting the sample from Microbial Culture Collection Centre of Guangdong Provincial, compost, a microorganism agent,15 strains had been isolated. According to the characteristics of enzyme production,4 strains had been screened, which had the ability to degrade starch, protein, fat, cellulose. A composition of the carrier material was optimized to provide a proper environment for microorganism reproduction. The growth conditions of microorganisms were optimized. The influence rules of temperature, original containing moisture, original pH and dissolved oxygen on the reproduction were studied. The conditions in which the microorganism agent had a good growth in the equipment were as follows:temperature 50℃, initial containing moisture 20%, pH 7.0, ventilation volume 3 L.min-1. And it could provide the technical support for treatment equipment of food waste. The degradations of ourselves-microoganism agent, a microorganism agent, no-agent were compared, the result shows that urselves-microoganism agent had 85.6% degradation, a microorganism agent had 80.5% degradation, no-agent has 30% degradation, the degradation could last 30 days in a steady condition. The feasibility of the transformation of food waste into fertilizer was further studied. The eco-toxicity of degradation product of food waste was evaluated with Germination test of cucumber seeds, the result showed, 14.3% extract had no toxicity,42.9%,71.5%,100% extract had great toxicity, the higher concentration, the greater toxicity.