Researches On The Synthesis Of Stavudine And β-Thymiine

β-Thymidne is an very important intermediate, and raw materials of Stavudine and Zidovudine. Stavudine is one of the anti-aids drugs firstly coming into Chinese market, which has been authorized by China Medical Appliance Administration. Because Stavudine is less poisonous than AZT and can cure patients that AZT can’t, it has been the important part of anti-aids drugs.This dissertation includes two elements:1 Researches on the synthesis ofβ-Thymidineβ-Thymidine was prepared from ribose tetracetate and thiamine by six steps in 67.7% overall yield. With 2,2′-anhydro-3′,5′-diacetoxy-5- methyluridine as a intermediate, the amount of propionyl bromide substantially reduced, and this greatly saves the cost, and verified the original theory; after the pretreatment of the Raney Ni by inter hydrogen into the reaction solution, not only this improves the product yield, but also prevents side effects, and it could be used repeatedly more time. In this paper, each intermediate process conditions were optimized, and we found a lower-cost, green and simple operation of industrial synthetic route. 2 Researches on the synthesis of StavudineThis paper has studied two routes of the synthesis of Stavudine.The first route, stavudine were prepared fromβ-Thymidine via three steps in 70.0% overall yield. In sulfonation reaction, we use acetone instead of pyridine as solvent, the post-processing become simply, and the yield was increased by 89%-94.5%; then removed methylsufonyl group, we controlled pH=10 through adding NaOH droply, the yield increases sight; at last by elimination in KOH/t-BuOH solvent instead of potassium tert-butoxide and DMSO, stavudine afforded easily. The article invented a kind of route which has the following advantages: simpler to operate, shorter line, easier to produce.Another route, stavudine were prepared from 5-methyl-uridine via four steps in 64.6% overall yield. This key step in the line is the elimination reaction of Zn powder. Based on the comprehensive investigation, this paper find out the optimum technological conditions, the yield reached 82.3%. The article invented a kind of route which has the following advantages: simpler to operate, more economicd, easier to produce.