Transition-metal Catalyzed Reaction To Construct1,4-substituted1,2,3-triazoles And α-alkylation Of Ketones By Alcohols

1,2,3-Triazoles are important building blocks in organic synthesis and in drugintermediates due to the significant bioactivities. The general synthetic methods of1,4-substituted1,2,3-triazoles are as follows:(1) click reaction of organic azides andalkynes;(2) three-component reactions of alkyl halides, sodium azide and alkynes byone-pot strategy. It must be pointed out that organic azides in the former method aregenerally synthesized from organic halides and sodium azide. For the synthesis ofα-alkylated ketones, using alcohols as alkylating reagents is simpler and moreenvironmentally friendly than the use of halogenated hydrocarbon because water asthe only byproduct is formed. However, the synthetic methods reported in previousliteratures have some drawbacks, such as multi-step reactions, complex reactionsystems, environmentally unfriendly, having more by-products and poor atom utilities.Therefore, development of green and high efficient synthetic protocols of1,4-substituted1,2,3-triazoles and α-alkylated ketones has become importantscientific problem for chemical researchers.The thesis consists of three chapters.Chapter1: Progress in synthesis of1,4-substituted1,2,3-triazoles and α-alkylatedketonesThis chapter focuses on the research progress in synthesis of1,4-disubstituted1,2,3-triazoles and α-alkylated ketones. The related literatures are reviewed in detail.Chapter2: Nano-copper catalyzed three-component reaction to construct1,4-substituted1,2,3-triazolesThree-component reaction of alkyl halides, sodium azide with terminal alkynescan be catalyzed by nano-copper particles under ambient conditions. A series of1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles were obtained efficiently and regioselectively by thisone-pot strategy. This protocol has wide substrate scope and group tolerance. Nanocopper can be reused at least three times without significant deactivation.Chapter3: RhCl(CO)(PPh3)2catalyzed α-alkylation of ketones by alcohols A simple and efficient α-alkylated coupling reaction of ketones with alcoholscatalyzed by RhCl(CO)(PPh3)2in the presence of KOH as base and1,4-dioxane assolvent at95oC is developed. The reaction shows good atom efficiency and excellentyields. It is a green and useful method to building C-C bond via α-alkylation ofketones by using alcohols as alkylating agents.