Study On Preparation And Mechanism Of Styrene-butadiene Rubber Based Oil-absorbing Materials

This paper studies the preparation methods of styrene-butadiene rubber oil absorption materialand the oil absorption properties of the material. We got two different types of oil absorptionmaterials by suspension polymerization and rubber foaming, then we applied those materials toresearch oil absorption performance. The researched works are as follows:1. The Octavinyl-T8-silsesquioxane(OVS) was synthesized by acid hydrolysis method withmodified technique. The structure of OVS was confirmed by FT-IR and1H NMR. The OVS/SBRoil absorption material was synthesized through suspension polymerization with rubber,crosslinking agent, initiator and pore-foaming agent. The OVS/SBR TG analysis showed a higherthermal stability than SBR material. The pattern of the OVS/SBR fracture surface was analyzed bySEM and the result showed that the material has a porous structure. The FT-IR analysis showed theSi-O-Si group had been existed in the OVS/SBR material after the polymerization. The influencingfactors were studied, such as crosslinking agent (OVS), initiator (BPO), porogen (PEG) andreaction time on OVS/SBR. We got oil absorption material with the largest oil absorption ratio ofp-xylene38g/g when we synthesized the material according to0.8%of OVS,1.0%of BPO, PEG:SBR=16:10under75oC for6hours. SBR/OVS material oil-water coexistence environment testshowed that it had good physical stability.2. The rubber foaming method is applied to the preparation of styrene-butadiene rubber oilabsorption material. The crosslinking density was controlled by adjusting the dosage ofcrosslinking agent and vulcanizing time and the porous structure was controlled by adjusting thedosage of foaming agent and foaming technique. The foaming method overcame the drawback ofsuspension polymerization which needs a large amount of solvent and complex post-treatmentprocess. We prepared a kind of oil absorption material with high selectivity, high oil absorptionrate, and the porous structure of100-200microns. We studied the influence of the degree of cureand the dosage of crosslinking agent DCP dosage on the properties of rubber oil absorption byrubber vulcanization curve and static oil absorption ratio test. We got oil absorption material withthe largest oil absorption ratio of p-xylene24.8g/g when vulcanizing time and the dosage ofcrosslinking agent DCP were respectively450s and0.4g/100g. By studying the relationship between the oil absorption ratio and the dosage of foam agent, we found that when the dosage offoaming agent was6g/100g the material obtained the absorption rate of p-xylene oil absorptionrate was highest for46.5g/g.3. Moulding foaming method and free foaming method were used respectively to prepare twokinds of oil absorption materials which presented different microstructures. We had preliminarilydetermined the mechanism of the materials by researching the kinetics curves, oil-keeping ratecurves of these two kinds of materials and we found that there were three parts contributing to thesaturated adsorption of open cell rubber foam which were surface, capillary and swellingadsorption. However，there were only two parts contributing to the saturated adsorption of closecell rubber foam which were surface and swelling adsorption. The oil absorption performance weretested under the simulation of the Marine environment to determine the applying conditions ofthese materials. We had concluded the relations between the material size and the oil absorptionperformance and then found that when the side length was1cm the material had the maximumadsorption.