Electrospinning Fiber Containing Cellulose And Its Membrane Material Preparation And Performance Study

Cellulose which comes from natural plants has the advantages of renewable, biodegradableand cheap, is an important raw material for producing green composite materials. However,because of the structure restrict, cellulose has a bad performance of machinability and solubility,can not be melted down and dissolved by other solvents, which restrict the processing andapplication of cellulose. In order to explore the principle and method of preparation of highperformance composites from cellulose, this paper chose solvent system of LiCl/DMAc to dissolvecellulose, and brought in PVDF which had a good compatibility with cellulose to improve thespinnability of the solution, made analysis and evaluation of principles and conditions of producingsuperfine fiber and superfine fiber membrane of cellulose during electrospinning. By scanningelectron microscopy, optical microscopy, surface contact angle and differential scanningcalorimetry analysis, made properties characterization of superfine fibers, to ensure the feasibilityand practicability of making cotton cellulose superfine fibers by electrospinning.This paper evaluated the spinnability of PVDF systematically. At first, we made solutions of0.08g/ml-0.18g/ml to go through electrospinning, and discussed the impact of solutionconcentration and solvent ratio on the morphology of superfine fiber systematically. When thesolution concentration was0.12g/ml-0.16g/ml, solvent ratio was8/2, the superfine fiber presentedcontinuous and uniform morphology, the average diameter was0.2-0.3μm, the uniformity of thefiber diameter distribution was high.We continued to explore the spinnability of cotton cellulose solution of LiCl/DMAc, whenthe concentration was1-3wt%, superfine fiber with intact structure could not be made. AddingPVDF, PS, PVA, PSF, PVP to the cellulose solution successively to improve the spinnability, onlyPVDF could help improve the spinnability of cellulose solution, form superfine fiber wih intactstructure.Then we changed the conditions and parameters of electrospinning of cotton cellulose/PVDFbinary system. According to the SEM images, when the concentration of solution was3%，cellulose/PVDF was1/1, the structure of superfine fibers was intact, the morphology of fibers wasuniform. We also used PVA which had good compatibility with both cellulose and PVDF to improve the spinnability of cellulose solution. When cellulose/PVDF/PVA was7/7/1, theuniformity of morphology and distribution of diameter was improved significantly. After addingPVA, the surface of superfine fibers was improved obviously as well.By the test of surface contact angle of superfine fiber membrane, the hydrophilcity ofsuperfine fiber membrane with PVA was improved significantly, much better than theelectrospinning membrane of PVDF. The DSC test showed that the heat resistance ofelectrospinning superfine fiber of multicomponent solution increased obviously.