Study On The Preparation Of Humid Acid Salt And Nanoscale Humic Acid From The Weathered Coal In The Northern Of Henan

Humic acid salt and nanoscale humic acid are new multifuntional fine materials,which will be used in the many fields, such as agriculture, industry, medical and soon. According to the raw material level of the weathered coal in the northern ofHenan and the demand of the product,there are several steps needing to be carried out.Firstly, the weathered coal should be processed by the acid solution. Secondly, set upa series of experiments to conclude the important factors on the product, like thealkali concentration, the ratio of the weathered coal and alkali, the reaction time, thereaction temperature, the stirring speed, the surfactant and the ways of mixtureisolation. Thirdly, the study has the best technological reaction condition by theorthometric tests.Ultrasonic wave has the dispersion effect produced by the cavitation, sheering andsevere steering in the reaction system. It provides the most efficient physicalenvironment for the reaction. In the process of nanoscale humic acid preparation, theresearch will be carried out by the single-factor and orthogonal tests. And theinvolved factors contain the alkali concentration, the ratio of the weathered coal andalkali, the reaction time, the reaction temperature, the stirring speed, the crystal adjustagent, the surrounding of the acid isolation, the ways of the reactant input, the waysof the mixture isolation, the temperature and power of the ultrasonic system. Inadditon, the ultrasonic wave and crystal adjust agent are introduced in the study anddiscussed in the preparation.The main results of the study are as follows:1. Using the weathered coal in the northern of Henan, the optimum reactionconditions are the alkali concentration0.20mol/L, the ratio of the weathered coal andalkali1:10, the reaction temperature85℃, the reaction time130min, the steeringspeed3500r/min, the surfactant2#. Under the optimum reaction conditons, the massfraction of the humic acid is62.13%. 2. In the preparation process of the humic acid salt, the surfactant can improve theactivity of the system interface, increase the reaction positions, optimize the reactionprocess. The priority of the influence factors by the orthogonal tests is as follows: thealkali concentration, the ratio of the weathered coal and alkali, the steering speed, thereaction temperature, the reaction time.3. The optimum conditions in the preparation process of the nanoscale humic acid arethe alkali concentration0.50mol/L, the ratio of the weathered coal and alkali1:12, thereaction time200min, the reaction temperature85℃, sheering speed3000r/min, theultrasonic power500W, the ultrasonic temperature45℃. The nanoscale humic acid ischaracterized by the SEM, and its grain size is60nm.4. The self-assemble ultrasonic equipment that can be operated by the smart control,is used for the product isolation. It can improve the dispersion of the product andavoid the gather of the product. Different ultrasonic power has the relevant impact onthe grain size of the nanoscale humic acid. When the ultrasonic power is500W andthe ultrasonic temperature45℃, the grain size is60nm. The ultrasonic method usedin the preparation of the nanoscale humic acid can improve the reaction condition.Meanwhile, the involved self-assemble apparatus can be easily operated, andovercome many disadvantages, like the big grain size, the bad dispersion, and thegather. And the study will offer a way for the comprehensive utilization of thelow-level weathered coal and the industrialized production of the nanoscale humicacid.