Toxicology Effects Of Ammonia On Two Marine Copepods Species And Summer Marine Water Quality Criteria For Ammonia

In this paper, Ammonia was selected as the target pollutants, and Chineseoffshore common species Acartia pacifica and Schmackeria inopinus were choosed asbiological research subjects to measured their48h-LC50. The toxic effects byammonia exposure to the A. pacifica under different temperature and the influence ofoxygen consumption and reproductive development on S. inopinus causing byammonia were also been evaluated. Then the ammonia acute toxicity data intemperature20~30℃of20kinds of marine organisms in local Yellow Sea in recentyears has been collected and calculated. The ammonia water quality technical basisrefers to the United States aquatic organisms basis.This paper wants to provide ascientific basis for the research of water quality baseline and marine ecologicalenvironment protection. This article is divided into four parts:1. Acute toxic effects of ammonia on A. pacifica and S. inopinus has beenresearched according to the acute toxicity test, detected that the total ammonia48h-LC50of A. pacifica was134.214mg/L, Non-ionic ammonia was7.83mg/L. Thetotal ammonia48h-LC50of S. inopinus was256.61mg/L, Non-ionic ammonia was17.04mg/L. The result show that the sensitivity of S. inopinus to ammonia issignificantly higher than A. pacifica.2. The toxicity of ammonia on A. pacifica has different effects with temperature.Data turned out that the total ammonia48h-LC50of A. pacifica was65.889mg/L,Non-ionic ammonia was7.83mg/L in25℃, and48h-LC50was134.214mg/L,Non-ionic ammonia was8.18mg/L in20℃. Total ammonia48h-LC50of A. pacificawas much lower in15℃to be71.247mg/L, Non-ionic ammonia was4.34mg/L. In10℃,48h-LC50was27.318mg/L, Non-ionic ammonia was1.66mg/L.The toleranceof A. pacifica to toxicity of ammonia is gradually increased within a temperature range. But it also declined obviously if temperature than optimum. It resulted that thetemperature effects significantly on ammonia toxicity and20℃is the optimumtemperature for A. pacifica.3. The toxicity effects of ammonia on the oxygen consumption rate andreproductive development of S. inopinus were also researched. When ammoniaconcentration is lower then13.31mg/L,ammonia can promote the breathing of S.inopinus.When concentration is greater than13.31mg/L,the respiratory rate showed atrend of decline, but still higher than the control group. After a20days observation ofAmmonia-treated S. inopinus, it turned out that ammonia also has significantlyinhibited the spawning ratio of S. Inopinus. The spawning ratio of control group is56%, when the ammonia concentration is40mg/L, the spawning ratio is52.5%,160mg/L concentration is37.5%. The study also found that ammonia can cause eggsdeformity,eggs deformation rate increased with the concentration of ammonia.4. All collected data filtered in accordance with the water quality criteriacalculate five requirements.According to data source temperature、salinity and pHconditions, the median lethal concentration of total ammonia in the filtered datarespectively transform to non-ionic ammonia median lethal concentration. Using thespecies sensitivity distribution method (US-SSD) to handle good data to calculate, itis concluded that the summer protect the basic value of ammonia nitrogen in acuteHuang Bohai sea aquatic organisms is0.066mg/L, chronic at baseline was0.010mg/L.Calculating the collected data by the used of U.S. species sensitivity distribution(US-SSD).Turned out that the acute ammonia base value of Yellow Sea and BohaiSea aquatic organisms is0.066mg/L, the chronic ammonia base value is0.010mg/L.