Preparation And Property Research Of New Flame-retardant Polyurethane Insulation Material

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) has been widely used as heat insulatingmaterial, insulant and packaging material because of its excellent performance suchas low density, sound absorption, fine heat insulation property, fine dimensionalstability, etc. However, the application of RPUF is restricted duo to its worse flame-retardant property. To improve its flame-retardant property, in this thesis,Modified-ATH、DMRP、APP、DMMP as the additive flame retardant were addedinto RPUF to prepare flame-retardant RPUF by one-step expanding foam technology.The contents are as follows:(1) The surface modification of aluminum hydroxide was carried out by oleicacid and titanate coupling agent TC-114to improve the compatibility with RPUF.The modification effect was characterized by FTIR、TGA、activation index and SEM.The results showed that the surface modification of aluminum hydroxide by oleicacid and titanate coupling agent TC-114was helpful to improve the thermostabilityof aluminum hydroxide. Activation index indicated that the modification effect bytitanate coupling agent TC-114was better than that by oleic acid. SEM showed thatthe morphology of aluminum hydroxide was not changed after the surfacemodification.(2) Preparation technology of single-layered microcapsulated red phosphorusby aluminum hydroxide, single-layered microcapsulated red phosphorus bymelamine formaldehyde resin and double-layered microcapsulated red phosphorusby aluminum hydroxide and melamine formaldehyde resin was studied to reduce thecolor of red phosphorus itself and improve the compatibility with RPUF. The effectwas characterized by FTIR、 EDS and SEM. The results indicated that themorphology of red phosphorus was changed to spherosome when red phosphoruswas double-layered microcapsulated by aluminum hydroxide and melamineformaldehyde resin and the effect was the best.(3) Modified-ATH、DMRP、APP、DMMP were added into RPUF to prepare flame-retardant RPUF. The performance of flame-retardant RPUF was characterizedby FTIR、TGA、SEM、LOI and vertical burning test. FTIR showed that the chemicalstructure of RPUF was not changed with the addition of flame retardant. SEMindicated that cells of flame-retardant RPUF were approximately polyhedral andmost were closed. LOI and vertical burning test revealed that the preparedflame-retardant RPUF had better flame-retardant property. The optimal technologicalcondition was that the addition of Modified-ATH was20%, the addition of DMMPwas20%. Now, LOI of flame-retardant RPUF was25%, self-extinguishing time was1s and there was not smoking as well as molten drop.