Toxicological Characteristics Of Ionic Liquids For Spodoptera Litura And Safety Evaluation

With the people pay attention to the ecological environment and the quality of our life were improved,countries around the world are working on the pesticides which can replace the chemical agents.Ionic liquid is a kind of ionic compound which present in liquid form at room temperature,it has been developed to a new type of green chemical reaction medium in recent years. Its large viscosity,low melting point, the less volatile,adjustable structure design,strong conductivity,stable property,wider liquid temperature range and excellent characteristics.such as electrochemical window,is known as the "green solvent" in the new century,in many areas such as the electrochemical and chemical reaction medium and extraction separation have attractive prospect in applications.In this paper we selected three kinds of ionic liquids which are1-octyl-3-methyl bromide imidazole,1-propyl bromide-3-methyl imidazole and1-methyl imidazole as the test reagents,and the3th instar larvae of Spodoptera as an object of study for the test,we have determinationed the acute toxicity of the3th instar larvae of Spodoptera in three kinds of ionic liquids and in the first time to explore the influence of Enzymatic activity about protective enzymes,detoxifying enzymes and acetylcholinesterase which in vivo Spodoptera on these three ionic liquids.To initially proved the insecticidal mechanism with these three kinds of ionic liquids to the Spodoptera,and further study the safety evaluation of bees,zebrafish,earthworms with three kinds of ionic liquids at the same time.To provide a theoretical basis for the development of environmentally friendly,efficient and safety of new insecticides.Using drip method to determination the acute toxicity of3th instar larvae of Spodoptera, the results showed that:The median lethal concentration (LC50) of1-octyl-3-methyl bromide imidazole,1-propyl bromide-3-methyl imidazole and1-methyl imidazole to the3th instar larvae of Spodoptera in the range of7-61mg/L at48h.The least of which is1propyl bromide-3-methyl imidazole,LC50is7.406mg/L, and the largest is the brominated1-octyl-3-methyl imidazole,LC50is61.111mg/L. The higher biological activity whichl-octyl-3-methyl bromide imidazole,1-propyl bromide-3-methyl imidazole and1-methyl imidazole to the Spodoptera litura larvae were showed.And the longer of time,the stronger effect of toxic which three kinds of ionic liquids to the Spodoptera litura larvae,In order to study the toxic mechanism of1-octyl-3-methyl bromide imidazole,1propyl bromide-3-methyl imidazole and1-methyl imidazole,three kinds of ionic liquids in two concentrations which LC50and LC20were used to determination the protective enzymes, detoxifying enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity of the3th instar larvae of Spodoptera litura by biochemical methods, and the results showed that:Three kinds of ionic liquids in two concentrations which LC50and LC20in a high biological activity to spodoptera litura larvae, and they can interfere with Spodoptera litura larvae protective enzymes,detoxifying enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity effectively.The normal physiological metabolism was disturbed in the body of Spodoptera litura larvae,and so three kinds of ionic liquids to the Spodoptera litura larvae showed higher cytotoxic effect.In order to study the safety evaluation which to the environment of1-octyl-3-methyl bromide imidazole,1-propyl bromide-3-methyl imidazole and1-methyl imidazole,the method of soil,drip and the Semi-static were used to determination acute toxicity of bees, earthworms and zebrafish with three kinds of ionic liquids.The results showed that:Three kinds of ionic liquids in zebrafish, earthworms are characterized by low toxicity;1-methyl imidazole to bees in a highly toxic level;1-propyl-3-methyl bromide imidazole to bees in a poisoning level;1-octyl-3-methyl bromide imidazole to bees in a poisoning level.Three kinds of ionic liquid are a new type of green liquid compounds,and a certain degree of toxic effect to the insects.It can interfere with the main enzymes activity in the body of insect’s, it has high research value and broad prospects in the field of prevention and control of harmful organisms.