| One-dimensional (ID) micro-nanometer functional materials have attracted considerable attention owing to their distinctive structures and excellent properties. In this paper, rod-like copper(II)8-hydroxy-quinolinate and copper(II) glycinate nanostructures were synthesized via liquid phase method. Then polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI) and copper sulfide (CuS) nanotubes were prepared by the use of these nanorods as fibrillar hard-templates. The structures and properties of the resulting products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectrum, UV-Vis absorption spectrum and luminescent spectrum, etc.To understand the formation mechanisms and explore the control measures, the effects of different reaction conditions on the morphology, size and structure of the prepared products were also investigated.By simply adjusting ethanol-water reaction medium and aging time, plenty of micro-nanometer copper(Ⅱ)8-hydroxyquinolinate materials with different morphologies and crystalline phases were prepared rapidly from8-hydroxyquinoline and copper acetate via liquid precipitation method. The results showed that the nanorod-like a-form copper(Ⅱ)8-hydroxyquinolinate dihydrate was prepared from the reaction of acidic8-hydroxyquinoline and copper acetate aqueous solution, which was around40-130nm in diameter. The three-dimensional lath bundle-like a-form anhydrous copper(Ⅱ)8-hydroxyquinolinate micro-nanometer structure with a thickness of each lath about300nm was obtained from the reaction of8-hydroxyquinoline ethanol solution and copper acetate ethanol solution. Under the reaction circumstance of8-hydroxyquinoline ethanol solution and copper acetate ethanol/aqueous solution with a total volume ratio of ethanol to water of3:1, the crystalline phases of products transformed from the metastable α-form and γ-form to the stable β-form as aging time extended, while their morphologies changed from beard bundle-like and rhombohedral structure to nanorod-like and rhombohedral structure, and finally grew into singular rhombohedral copper(II)8-hydroxyquinolinate dihydrate flake as well as its star-shaped assemblies after aging for50minutes.Upon the templates of copper(Ⅱ)8-hydroxyquinolinate nanorods, conductive polypyrrole and polyaniline nanotubes with well-defined morphology were fabricated by chemical oxidative polymerization. The PPy nanotubes were about20-35nm in inner diameter and8-25nm in wall thickness, while the PANI nanotubes were about15-115nm and15-55nm respectively. Furthermore, a novel, facile, efficient and environment-friendly recyclable way was proposed to construct PPy nanotubes. In addition, low-cost, nontoxic and water-soluble nanorods of copper(Ⅱ) glycinate were efficiently prepared by an ethanol-induced crystallization method. And then PPy nanotubes with regular morphology and high surface quality were obtained using these water-soluble templates with assistance of a spot of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The nanotubes were around20-70nm in inner diameter and15-95nm in wall thickness.Using the novel water-soluble copper(II) glycinate nanorods as the self-sacrificial precursors and fibrillar templates for the first time, hexagonal CuS nanotubes were successfully achieved by the assistance of a small quantity of PVP. It was found that the nanotubular products were polycrystalline structures which were made up of nanoparticles with about7nm in diameter. The inner diameter and wall thickness of the nanotubes were in the range of40-130nm and10-50nm, respectively. Additionally, the prepared CuS nanotubes displayed transmittance in middle infrared area, absorption in ultraviolet-visible light, and broad fluorescence emission around374nm. |
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