Study On Synthetise Of Biodiesel By Drainage Oil And Related Derivatives Synthesized

As we all know, the fossil oil is a kind of non-renewable resource energy.Fossil oil wasconsumed largely along with development of human society. Fossil oil will be depleted in theforeseeable future. The massive consumption of fossil fuel has caused some environmentalproblems such as air pollution and greenhouse effect.Therefore,many countries have done a lotof research on energy substitution, biodiesel is an important green renewable energy.Accordingto incomplete statistics,China produces about five million tons of waste oil every year.Thebiodiesel industry adapts to the natinal conditions,and generally used the waste oil as the rawmaterial for biodiesal production.This paper mainly studied on the new types ofheterogeneous catalysts for synthetize biodiesel by drainage oil, biodiesel derivative andthe by-product glycerol derivatives synthesied.The researches contents are as follows：1. Used acidification-hydration degumming method to degumming for the drainageoil and drainage oil dehydration. Then drainage oil could be used as raw material forsubsequent synthesis of biodiesel by pre-esterification and esterexchange.2. Comparison with three kinds of magnetic solid acid catalysts which was made inlaboratory. Al2O3-ZrO2/Fe3O4was been determined as catalyst for glycerol esterification ofdrainage oil.The singal factor experiment results showed that the conditions for preparation:themolor ratio of Al and Zr was8:1,calcination temperature was500℃,calcination time was2hours.The optimal conditions of its catalytic drainage oil esterification which were received bysingal factor tests and response surface experiments:the molor ratio of alcohol acid was0.5,theamount of catalyst was0.59%,thereaction temperaturewas221.4℃,the reaction time was2.55hours,the esterification rate was99.67%,the acid value of waste oil could be reduced from114.82mgKOH·g-1to0.39mgKOH·g-1,attained the demand of homogeneous alkali catalyzedester-exchange synthesis of biodiesel.The catalyst recycled for5times,and the esterificationratewasabove97%. 3. Comparison with two kinds of magnetic solid acid catalysts which were that aremade in laboratory was another important part of this paper. K2CO3-Al2O3/Fe3O4was beendetermined as catalyst for ester exchange biodiesel. The singal factor experiment resultsshowed that the conditions for preparation:the concentration of potassium acetate soakingwas40%, the calcination temperature was500℃,the calcination time was2hours. Theoptimal conditions of ester exchange which were received by the singal factor andorthogonal experiment:the molor rate of alcohol(methanol) oil is10:1,the amount ofcatalysts is2.1%, the calination time is1.5hours, the calcination temperature is68℃,theyield of biodiesel is89.57%. The catalyst recycled for5times, the yield rate of biodieselstayed above77%.4. The biodiesel was raw material. The phosphoric acid was the epoxidation catalyst for thesynthetic of epoxy fatty acid methyl esters. The optimum process conditions were optimized byorthogonal experiments as follows: the amount of phosphoric acid was1.5%,the amount ofhydrogen peroxide dosage was7%,the amounts of methanoic acid was12%,the reactiontemperature was65℃,the reaction time was4hours.The expoxy value of expoxy fatty acidmethyl esterwas5.48%. Sothat ithasreachedtheindustrialgradefirst level.5. I could get the glycerol that its purity is98%by collecting the by-product crude glycerolfrom synthetized biodiesel through diluted,regulating pH value,liquid layer separation，dehydration and vacuum distillation process.The phosphotungstic acid is catalyst for glyceroland acetic acid esterification. The optimum process conditions are optimized by orthogonalexperiments as follows：the mole ratio of glycerol and acetic acid was5,the amount of thecatalyst was5.5%,the amount of the water carrying agent was0.54mL·g-1，the reaction time is4hours.Undertheseconditions, theyieldrateoftriacetyl glycerineis97.24%.