Distribution And Source Apportionment Of PAHs In The Snow, Soil And Moss From Hailuogou, Gongga Mt

There is an increasing concern about polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in theenvironment as they are ubiquitous in ambient and some of them are among thestrongest known carcinogens. In this study, Snow samples at three sits were collectedfrom Hailuogou glacier of Gongga Mountain in January2013and January2014.soiland moss samples of different elevation from Hailuogou glacier of Gongga Mountainwere collected in January2014.16kinds of priority control PAHs were analyzed viaGC/MS, and the diagnostic ratio analysis were used to apportion sources of PAHs inthe snow and soil.The data showed that the average of total concentrations of PAHs in snow ofdifferent sits in the winter of2012were229.6ng/L, and264.7ng/L in the winter of2013. by comparing the concentration of each monomer in snow between two winters，the results showed that the distribution laws of PAHs between two winters werebasically identical. the mass percentage of2-4ring PAHs reached more than90%inboth winters, and with the highest content of phenanthrene, naphthalene in second.The short-term distribution were researched，It was concluded that the levels of PAHsin snows didn’t show obvious variation from November2012to January2013. Butthe short-term distribution of PAHs in snow of2013’s winter didn’t show anyregularity, that’s may because the snow in winter of2013is caused by just one heavysnow. And that is also why there are not obvious natural layers in the snow of2013’swinter. Using diagnostic ratio for source apportionment, the result showed PAHspollution in Hailuogou snows was mainly caused by coal combustion and trafficemission. By estimating the atmospheric transport distance of PAHs in snow, it is forconclusion that the PAHs in snow is mainly come from the coal combustion in thearea with linear distance less than400km and the atraffic emission in the area withlinear distance less than1300km.The concentration of PAHs in the soil of Hailuogou ranged from340.6ng/g to448.7ng/g, with the average of377.5ng/g. which is nearly equal to the level of PAHspollutions in the soil of Mt. Everest, but higher than that in Sinkiang high mountain areas. According to the soil classification method raised by Maliszewska, the soil inHailuogou can be classified as clean soil, which means have not been contaminated.By the monomer analysis,2-4ring PAHs were also the mainly composition, With theproportion of85%. It’s lower than that in snow samples. The main reason may be thatsnowfall can remove the PAHs in air effectively, and made it accumulated in thesnow. So, the low molecular PAHs is the majority in snow as in air. diagnostic ratioanalysis illustrate that coal combustion and traffic emission is also the dominatingsources of PAHs in soil of Hailuogou.The concentration of PAHs in mosses in Hailuogou ranged from321.33ng/g～433.58ng/g, and the average concentration was366.35ng/g. The levels were slightlyhigher than that in the Lu Mountain (559.0ng/g) and Nanling mountains(640.8ng/g).Phe, Nap, BbF,BaP,Ace were the principal pollutants, and the content of these5kindsof PAHs accounted for75%~80%of the total PAHs. The mass percentage of lowmolecular PAHs(M＜202) in mosses（71%）is lower than that in snow(82%), butsignificantly higher than soil. The ring sequence of PAHs in the moss samples showeda trend as3ring＞2ring＞5ring＞4ring＞6ring. The mass percentage of5-6ringPAHs reached17.41%，which is more than that both in snow and soil. Usingdiagnostic ratio for source apportionment, the result showed PAHs pollution inHailuogou mosses was also mainly caused by coal combustion and traffic emission.Correlation analysis illustrate that the PAHs content between snow and mossesshowed a good relevance，with the correlation correlation reaching0.90342,and thelinear coefficient0.80304.The correlation correlation of PAHs between soil and snowwas0.53855，and that between soil and moss was0.54593，which showed a weakpositive correlation.