Preparation And Exploration The Application Of Carbonized Feather Fibers And Titanium Dioxide In The Field Of Energy And Enxironment

In recent years, with the rapid development of society and human civilization,environmental pollution and energy shortages have greatly spured gobal researchinterests. Heavy metal ions and surfactants in wastewater not only destroy quality ofwater, the balance of ecological and drinking water source, but also threat to humanlife safety through the food chain. Therefore, it’s urgent to figure out appropriate waysto reduce or eliminate the heavy metal and surfactant in wastewater using suitablematerial. In addition, the development of renewable energy sources, such as batteries,is a way to relieve the environment and the energy crisis.Firstly, we studyed electrochemical performance of titanium dioxide as anodematerials in aqueous aluminum-ion battery. And we attempted to prepare anatasetitanium dioxide including Ti3+via the liquid phase plasma method (SPP) techniqueusing titaniumbis (ammonium lactate) dihydroxide (TALH) as the precursor andBrij-30as the growth director. Furthermore, we expolered the mechanism of synthesisand electrochemical properties of materials; Secondly, we attempted to preparetitanium dioxide by Sol-Gel method using butyl titanate as the precursor, thenimproved the photocatalytic performance which degradated CTAB through ion dopingmodification method. We also try to prepare carbonized feather fibers using cheapfeather by heat treatment, then improved the specific surface area and adsorptionperformance of Pb2+and Cr6+by ZnCl2solution and microwave to find out anoptimum conditions of heat treatment time and concentrationAdditionally, wecharacterized material using XRD, TEM, XPS; FTIR was used to analyze thefunctional groups on the surface of materials; The pore size distribution of materialswas characterized by BET; Using ToF-SIMS to determine the material internalelements binding ability and so on.The main results are as follows:⑴We prepared the black anatase titanium dioxide nanoleaves as anode materialin aluminum ion battery using TALH as precursor by SPP method. The results showthat:①The average length of the titanium dioxide nanoleaves is50nm, width is10nm, specific surface area is as high as314.2m2/g, chemical formula isTiO1.976(NH)0.024;②Mechanisms of synthesis indicated that the processing time ofSPP, type and concentration of surfant agent have an affects on the structure oftitanium dioxide nanoleaves. and the best SPP treatment time is5min, Brij-30isnecessary to induce nanostructure formation, the best concentration is0.05M compared with the rests.③As electrode material, titanium dioxide nanoleaves showexcellent performance, excellent cycle characteristics rate capability and stability in1M Al (NO3)3aqueous solution. The initial discharge capacity is278.1mAh/g, and thedischarge capacity loss is only2.84%. TiO2nanoleaves also has great capacity of254.6mAh/g after300cycles, and the capacity fading only is8.4%. When the currentdensity as high as2A/g, TiO2nanoleaves still has high specific capacity(141.3mAh/g).⑵The anatase titanium dioxide photocatalyst was prepared by Sol-Gel method,using dibutyl phthalate as the precursor. Following ion doping modification includingthe metal ions (Zn2+, Fe3+, Ni+, Ga3+, Mn2+, W6+, Ag+) and non metallic elements (F-,N). The results from XRD spectra showed Ag-TiO2(rang of Ag-loaded is0.059%～0.294%) and F-TiO2(rang of F-loaded is4.63%～32.95%) were detected in obviouscharacteristic diffraction peaks of Ag and NaF, which indicated that Ag and Felements were dopped succesully. In addition, according to the study on photo-catalytic performance. We know that Ag+, F-and Ga3+dopped-titanium dioxidephotocatalytic show better degradation performance for CTAB than unmodifiedTiO2and P25, especially for Ag-TiO2, the concentration of CTAB solution wasdecreased from100ppm to9.7ppm in1.5hours.⑶Carbonized feather fibers have were prepared successfully. The results ofactivation modification by ZnCl2solution and microwave showed that the modifiedmethod can increase surface area of the carbonized feather fibers, and the optimalconditions was ZnCl2solution for24hours, microwave treatment for14minutes.Specific surface area of the material increased from36.60m2/g to71.88m2/g. Inaddition, high concentration of ZnCl2helps to increase the surface area under thesame conditions. We also found that the carbonized feather fibers showed adsorptionproperties for Pb2+, and the adsorption time have an affect on adsorption capatily.When the adsorption time is extended from15min to120min, the adsorptioncapacity increased from13.04mg/g to37.30mg/g. Both modified and unmodifiedcarbonized feather fibers showed adsorption properties for Cr6+. However, adsorptionperformance of the modified materials which showed the best adsorption rate for Cr6+in solution have no improve significantly by increased from41.3%to41.8%forsamples.