| In this experiment, the northeast black bee linden honey(NBBLH) was studied.On the base of analysising the components of honey, the extraction of flavonoids,antioxidant activity, the activated charcoal method was used to remove Hydroxymethy furaldehyde from honey and the technology of crystal dissolution and anti-crystallization were investigated. The major findings were presented as follows:The components of honey were analyzed by national standard methods. The results were as follows:the proportion of total sugar,fat and protein in honey were71.83%,1.70%and0.18%respectively.Meanwhile,most of the protein were various enzyme. The content of sodium,calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper were3.57mg/100g,6.52mg/100g,1.26mg/100g,0.14mg/100g and0.057mg/100g respectively. The other components like total phenolic and amylase were0.28mg/g and11.07mL/(g· h). It can be infered that different origin of honey resulted in different content of nutrient.The flavonoids was extracted through traditional extraction method. In this method, the effect of ethanol concentration, extraction time, ultrasonic frequency, solid-liquid ratio and temperature on extraction rate was studied. The extraction conditions were determined through single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:60℃,40min,70%of ethanol concentration and1:20(W/V). Under this condition, the maximum extraction rate was0.58%.The adsorption capacity of GAC for HMF was studied after the activated charcoal treated with inorganic acid and alkali. The result shew that treated with alkali was better than inorganic acid and the absorption rate of alkali treatment was higher. The absorbting conditions for HMF and conditions of treateding with alkali were as follows:NaOH concentration was20%.absorbing time was60min,treating time was3h, when activated carbon was80mesh, the maximum absorption rate for HMF reached95.52%.The scavenging hydroxyl radical activity of honey and ascorbic acid were observed in this experiment.Compared with ascorbic acid, the honey had stronger antioxidant activity. The optimum scavenging conditions were as follows:the temperature was35℃. the scavenging time was30min, the concentration was6mg/mL, pH was6and the rate was38.80%.The crystal dissolution of honey was studied by the methods of mechanical and ultrasonic combined with water bath, and mechanical method was better than ultrasonic combined with water bath. The effect of mechanical method on crystal dissolution was that:temperature> speed> heating time> blank. the best level of each factor was as follows:the temperature80℃. rotation speed150r/min, time15min. the rate was97.98%. The effect of ultrasonic combined with water bath was that:temperature> Frequency> Time> blank, the best level of each factor was as follows:the frequency of70%, temperature70℃, time25min, under this condition, the rate was72.69%.Temperature was the most significant factor in this study.The honey was easy toturn into crystallization when the breathable quality of packaging material was good. Otherwise, it was not. The less time it took when the crystallization appeared under the condition of changed temperature than constant temperature. The results shew that honey was easy to crystallization when the moisture content was less than21%,but when the moisture content was more than21%,the crystallization would not appear or appear slowly. As the results of increasing moisture content in honey,the solubility of glucose and fructose were increased, which would prevent the crystallization form increasing or extend the time. The less time that crystallization appeared of honey than others when the speed was15r/min. The major factor of crystallization was the ratio of glucose and fructose, honey crystallization time was shortened when the ratio was1.1:1, and the fluctuations was small after increasing the content of glucose singly. |
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