Study On The Lipid Composition And Anti-cancer Activity Of Sweet Potato

Glycolipid was existed in sweet potato. Glycolipid can inhibit proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells and induce their apoptosis.11cultivars of sweet potatoes were selected as raw materials, the total lipid (TLs), neutral lipids (NLs), glycolipids (GLs) and phospholipids (PLs) content and fatty acids (FAs) composition were compared. Then we selected Xushu18, which is cultivated widely in China and abundant of glycolipid, as well as to investigated the effect on proliferation and metastasis of human colon cancer cell HT-29and human breast cancer cell Bcap-37, in order to increase the utilization of sweet potato and value-added of processing and provide fundamental data for developing new products of sweet potato glycolipid.Firstly, the composition of lipids and FAs of11sweet potato cultivars were compared. The TLs were extracted and fractionated into NLs, GLs and PLs. The TLs content ranged between0.72%-1.44%, while the NLs, GLs and PLs contents were ranged between36.74%-61.04%,30.29%-49.25%and7.05%-17.07%, respectively. There were significant differences in the contents of FAs in different lipid classes(p<0.05), and palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:2) and linolenic acid (C18:3) were abundant, which ranged between35.92%-42.57%,14.54%-21.21%and35.2%-41.45%in TLs;26.90%-36.84%,43.79%-54.47%and26.90%-36.84%in NLs;20.09%-33.42%,50.4%-65.20%and9.31%-17.47%in GLs;21.92%-39.33%,48.02%-67.74%and4.40%-8.84%in PLs.Secondly, the purified glycolipids effect on HT-29and Bcap-37cells were investigated. The results showed that the glycolipids Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ exhibited significant antiproliferative effects on HT-29and Bcap-37cells, which were91.36%,92.66%and99.49%for HT-29cells and80.86%,90.37%and95.20%at a concentration of1000μg/mL for48h, respectively. In addition, the content of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) were abundant in glycolipid III, which indicated the strongest effect on HT-29and Bcap-37cells.Finally, the effects of glycolipid on adhension and migration of HT-29and Bcap-37were determined. The results showed that effects of anti-adhension and-migration activity of purified on two types of cancer cells increased significantly comparing to total lipid (p<0.05). When HT-29and Bcap-37cells were treated at1000μg/mL of glycolipids Ⅰ for24h, compared to the effect of total lipid, the time for cells to completely detach decreased4.7%and8.1%, migration rate decreased6.97%and13.48%, respectively. When HT-29and Bcap-37cells were treated at1000μg/mL of glycolipids Ⅱ for24h, compared to the effect of total lipid, the time for cells to completely detach decreased12.8%and13.6%, migration rate decreased14.97%and15.79%, respectively. When HT-29and Bcap-37cells were treated at1000μg/mL of glycolipids Ⅲ for24h, compared to the effect of total lipid, the time for cells to completely detach decreased9.3%and20.8%, migration rate decreased16.99%and19.11%, respectively.It is suggested that sweet potato glycolipid have potential applications in prevention of human colon cancer and breast cancer with a potential application value in the development of antitumor drugs.