The Study Of The Mechanism On The Viscosity Reduction Of The Crude Oil Radiated By The Microwave

Microwave technology as a new technology with its unique characteristics and advantages has been widely used in oil fields. After a great deal of research, it has shown that viscosity reduction of heavy oil has good feasibility and applicability by microwave radiation, but the mechanism of viscosity reduction by microwave has yet to study clear. In order to make the heavy oil viscosity to achieve better effect of microwave, both for the optimal selection of microwave parameters or for the popularization and application of viscosity reduction by microwave further, it has the vital significance to study the mechanism of viscosity reduction of heavy oil by microwave radiation.The paper using the Arrhenius formula by the change of activation energy and pre-exponential factor studied the effect of microwave radiation of heavy oil, then it explain the reason for the viscosity reduction of heavy oil on the microcosmic.The main work has been summed up as the following aspects:(1) To study the rules of microwave effect of heavy oil by looking at information at home and abroad;(2) By single factor experiments and uniform design experiment, the experiments study the microwave parameters (microwave power and time) on the impact on rheological property of heavy oil.Heavy oil viscosity has been measured, viscosity-temperature curve has been drew, and then analysis the change of viscosity of heavy oil;(3) According to the data obtained, proposed using Arrhenius formula software fitting is used to calculate the activation energy and refers to the former factor, draw curve, calculated the relationship between microwave parameters of activation energy and pre-exponential factor.Then,we can analysis the influence law of activation energy and pre-exponential factor.(4) According to the curve and the effect of the law on microwave processing of heavy oil in the process of chemical reaction are analyzed.Then with the effect of microwave power and time refers to activation energy and pre-exponential factor, activation energy and pre-exponential factor and the relationship between the viscosity ratio,we can explain from microscopic analysis on the mechanism of the microwave viscosity of heavy oil.It is shown from laboratory findings and theoretical analysis that the microwave radiation of heavy oil viscosity reduction is the result of the combination of thermal effect andnon-thermal effect. Activation energy and pre-exponential factor change with the change of theeffects of microwave parameters. A certain range, the microwave radiation can reduce theactivation energy, increase pre-exponential factor. After microwave radiation of heavy oil, itchanges activation energy and increase pre-exponential factor and accelerates the chemicalreaction.It makes the colloidal and asphaltene molecular activation, accelerates the moleculesof the collision, and break the molecular keys and molecular chain. The heavy componentcontent is reduced and small molecule hydrocarbon component content increased.Throughchanging the matching relationship between them, the viscosity of heavy oil has beenimproved.