Study On Solid Catalyst For Production Biodiesel By Tubular Reactor

With the deepening of the energy crisis, the search for new alternative cl ean energy is becoming the focus of the world. Biodiesel which has high cet ane number, good lubrication performance, low sulfur, and does not contain ar omatic hydrocarbon pollution to the environment, etc. has become the focus o f the research for environmentally friendly renewable alternative energy.For a1ong time,however,the high costs of biodiesel has seriously hampered the devel opment of bio-diesel technology.in these costs,raw material costs have been ac counted for50-85%of the cost of biodiesel,therefore,How to reduce the cost of raw materials has become the key to the development of bio-diesel.This thesis concentrates on to develop a new kind of solid catalyst which have acid resistant, water resistant, high efficiency and stability, and to expand the type and scope of the biodiesel raw materials, reduce the pretreatment cost of raw material and improve the market competitiveness of biodiesel.And according to the characteristics of catalyst, adopting tubular reactor and Swida wilsoniana oil as raw material to investigated the catalytic activity of transesterification.First of all,with the help of the ceramic foam research methods and prep aration techniques synthesized ZrO2polycrystalline ceramic foam catalyst,And the Characteristics of ZrO2polycrystalline ceramic foam catalyst include the a cid-base properties,crystal structure,phase composition and microstructure were analyzed by using Py-IR,FT-IR,XRD,SEM,TG-DTA and BET methods.Studies have found that after calcination,Al3+and Ti4+enter inside the ZrO2lattice to make part of the ZrO2to exists as substitution solid solution.this solid soluti on could increase the adhesion of the powder particles and form sinter neck i n particle,and particles fusion with each other with increase of sintering tempe rature.Furthermore,the osteoporosis holes formed in the catalyst interior and su rface after evaporation of the pore-forming agent,which was very favorable for improving the catalytic activity of the catalyst.After evaporation of the pore-f orming agent,holes of osteoporosis was formed in the catalyst interior and sur face,this point have been well prove in the test results of single factor for sy nthesis the catalyst by high pressure reaction kettle.In order to further optimiz e the preparation process of catalyst,ZrO2,Al2O3and TiO2content which affect the catalyst activity of transesterification were investigated by response surfac e method (RSM). Determine the impact of ZrO2polycrystalline ceramic foam c atalyst transesterification reaction conversion factor order was:TiO2>ZrO2>Al2O3. At the same time,the results of the binary regression equation Y%=97.20-0.69X1-0.52X2-0.74X3+0.20X1X2-0.52X1X3-0.85X2X3-0.79X12-1.16X22-0.59X32show t hat the best formula of ZrO2polycrystalline ceramic foam catalyst after optim ization was:ZrO288.47%,A12O39.62%,TiO223.31%.Subsequently,the ZrO2polycrystalline ceramic foam catalyst was used to product biodiesel in the tubular reactor system.while the reaction temperature,r eaction pressure and alcohol-oil volume ratio of the three factors which influe nce the transesterification activity were investigated.The response surface meth od (RSM) to optimize the analysis of experimental data found that the factors for primary and secondary in the tubular reaction conditions were as follows: reaction pressure>reaction temperature> volume ratio of methanol to oil.And the mathematical model of the tubular reactor conditions:Y%=95.69+5.16X1-8.57X2+3.78X3+2.83X1X2-5.38X1X3+3.03X2X3-3.53X12-6.38X22-3.03X32,Optimum reacti on conditions as follows:reaction temperature290℃,reaction pressure10MPa,al cohol oil volume ratio4:1.Finally, the oxidation stability, stability, and part of the physical and chemical properties of the Swida wilsoniana oil biodiesel were carried out related research, found the influence of reaction conditions on the product is not big, but the impact on the composition of each fatty acid methyl ester content is bigger, and this difference can cause different oxidation stability of the products. In addition, no large fluctuation of the catalytic activity and the conversion rates were substantially maintained around97%with continuous reaction5times in the autoclave.While in the tubular reactor scale-up process, in the case of catalyst has not been replaced, For32consecutive tests, no activity decreased significantly. At the same time, the catalyst was used for the raw material with moisture content of7.1%and acid value of130.697mgKOH/g, in the products the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content can still reach93%and97.67%,Indicate good catalytic properties of ZrO2polycrystalline ceramic foam catalyst. At the same time, part of the physical and chemical which have great influence on product performance index indicated that the Swida wilsoniana oil biodiesel were in line with the BD100national standards, and it completely could be used as raw materials in engine.