Construction And Applications Of Nile Blue-Based Near-infrared Fluorescent Dyes

With time progressed, how to prevent and treat the disease from its source became the subject of growing concern. Cell is the basic unit of body composition, but where the local disease began. A mammalian cell is composed of nucleus, organelles and membranes. Nuclear DNA plays an important role in genetic information storage. Organelles take charge in implementation of different functions to maintain the normal work of cells. For example, mitochondria can provide energy, ribosome for protein synthesis, enzyme system to produce enzymes. Abnormal changes of organelles are often the major causes of diseases, such as lysosome-related inflammation and cancer and Golgi-related neurodegenerative diseases and so on. In recent years, a growing number of scientific and technological means to detect subcellular structures were developed, in which the fluorescence detection method is superior to others for its simple operation, accurate responsive, and low damage for cells and tissues.In this paper, three near-infrared fluorescent probes NBB, NBC and NBT based on Blue Nile were designed and synthesized. The probes realized positional staining of intracellular lysosomes and nuclear DNA. A series of tests in vitro and in vivo showed that NBB, NBC and NBT have excellent light stability and biological applications cytotoxic properties with respect to certain commercial purposes. The probes have near-infrared emissions that effectively reduce the interference of the cell autofluorescence and cell damage. The results of cell fluorescence microscopy imaging indicated that the probes have good membrane permeability and biocompatibility that can not only accurately locate in specific cell organelles but also monitor continuous physiological processes of cell division etc. NBB and NBC can stained lysosomes in various cells, and reveal the changes of lysosomal morphology and aggregation status during apoptosis and cell division. NBT, the DNA marker, has a good DNA selectivity in both living and fixed cells. Also, NBT was well applied in the mornitoring the changes of DNA during cell division.