Preparation Of Biochar Carbon Materials And The Research Adsorption Of Metal Ions

Activated carbon is a kind of porous carbon material,which has great specific surfacearea,developed pore structure.rich functional groups in surface. It can be used as a goodadsorbent applied to all aspects of human life. Especially in the environmental governance ithas been widely used.Sunflower plate and bean flour as a natural polymer materials with plenty source,lowprice, rich nitrogen,withstand high temperatures, so it has the potential to prepare greatspecific surface area carbon materials which containing nitrogen functional groups.In this work,the sunflower plate and bean flour was used as raw materials prepared aseries of carbon materials using different activation and carbonization conditions.FT-IR,SEM,N2adsorption were used to evaluate the samples of functional group structurepore structure, surface morphology and so on. Static method was used to study the adsorptionproperties of various carbon materials toward various metal ionsThe results showed that the best conditions of using sunflower plate that extract pectin asraw material, distilled water and concentrated ammonia as activator respectively for thepreparation of carbon materials is: activation temperature is800℃，activator is concentratedammonia.Under the conditions of preparation of carbon materials, specific surface area is370.6m2·g-1, the average pore diameter is1.927nm,and the Cu2+adsorption value is124.4mg·g-1. The best conditions of using sunflower plate as raw material, hydrochloric acid asactivator for the preparation of carbon materials is: The concentration of hydrochloric acid is0.1mol.L-1, activation temperature is750℃. Under the conditions of preparation of carbonmaterials, specific surface area is421.3m2·g-1, the average pore diameter is2.340nm,Ithas good adsorption selectivity to Ce3+that has larger diameter in the mixed standard solution of Ce3+and Al3+. The selective coefficient is2.87. The best conditions of usingsunflower plate as raw material, different alkali as activator for the preparation of carbonmaterials is: alkali is KOH,alkali carbon ratio is0.2:1, activation temperature is750℃, Underthe conditions of preparation of carbon materials, specific surface area is618.1m2·g-1, theaverage pore diameter is2.060nm, It has good adsorption selectivity to Al3+in the mixedstandard solution of Al3+and La3+, The selective coefficient is9.70. The best conditions ofusing bean flour as raw material, KOH as activator for the preparation of carbon materials is:alkali carbon ratio is3:1, activation temperature is700℃, Under the conditions of preparationof carbon materials, specific surface area is302.5m2·g-1, the average pore diameter is2.077nm, It has good adsorption selectivity to Al3+in the mixed standard solution of Al3+、Ce3+and La3+, The selective coefficient is4.24and10.1respectively.