Study On Ecosystem Health Assessment Of Chaohu Lake Basin

In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and city, the ecological environment of Chaohu Lake Basin has deteriorated, the interference of human activities on the ecological system is more and more significant,effect of ecological system health, the coordinated development of population, resources, environment to achieve, it is bound to ecosystem research of the Chaohu Lake Basin, thus making related work and policy about the protection and the improvement of the ecological environment of Chaohu Lake Basin.It is important to ecosystem protection and restoration in Chaohu Lake Basin.Based on the analysis of related literature, combined with the actual characteristics of Chaohu Lake basin and availability in data, combined with the principle of index selection, The pressure of land (soil reclamation rate,the use of chemical pesticide intensity), the pressure of population (population disturbance degree, population density), water resource spressure (the intensity of water resources utilization)、pollutant discharge pressure (The sewage emission intensity, Ammonia emission intensity、COD emission intensity), the ecological flexibility,diversity index, fragmentation index, average coverage vegetation index,product, quantity of soil conservation, total nitrogen and total phosphorus load, water conservation, per capita GDP, soil erosion index, the forest coverage rate are selected, a pressure-state-response evaluation index system of ecological system health is established; Taking cities and counties in Chaohu River Basin as evaluation unit,based on a combination of subjective and objective evaluation and the remote sensing and the geographic information system technology, do comprehensive evaluation of the Chaohu Lake Basin ecosystem health,and reflect the temporal and spatial changes of Chaohu Lake Basin ecosystem health status in recent years, giving theoretical support of sustainable development in Chaohu Lake basin.The results show that:(1)Ecosystem health assessment of Chaohu Lake Basin in2010is better, Ecosystem health level for the evaluation of excellent and poor unit is1,occupy for11.11%in the total; The number of good ecological health evaluation unit is3, accounting for33.33%of the total; The number of better and worse unit is1,which accounted for11.11%of the total; The number of general unit is4,which accounted for11.11%in the total;Shucheng County belongs to the first-level district which is in excellent healthy condiiton;Chaohu city and Wuwei county and Hanshan county belong to the second-level district which are in better healthy condition; Feidong count and Hexian county and Hanshan county belong to the third-level district which are in general healthy condition;Hefei city belongs to the fourth-level district which is in worse healthy condition.(2)Hefei city is the regional center for economic development in the northwest of Chaohu Lake basin, ecosystem health was the worst,while Shucheng county is mountainous area in the southwest of Chaohu Lake basin, whose economy is backward and population density is lower interference activity is less,so the ecosystem health condition is best.(3)From2000to2010, the evaluation units whose health condition of ecological system get better are Feidong county、Chaohu city、Lujiang county、Hanshan county、 Hexian county、Shucheng county. the numbei of units is6, accounting for66.67%in the total; the evaluation units whose health condition of ecological system get worse are Hefei county、Feixi county、Wuwei county, the numbei of units is3, accounting for33.33%in the total; From2000to2010, from the whole basin, the ecosystem health condition improved first and then decreased in the ten years.The overall trend is getting worsen, along with the economic development and social progress, the development of urban construction and real estatein in Chaohu Lake basin has bigger demand on the construction land, but thecultivated land into construction land is clearly undesirable, There is reclaiming land from the lake and deforestation in Chaohu Lake basin,not only caused a decrease in water area and forest area, but also not conducive to the stability of ecological system.