| Rubidium is a important scattered alkali metal. Its compound in the field ofmedicine, energy, electronics, specialty glass, organic synthesis catalyst has anintegral role in transforming thermionic power generation, MHD power generation,communications, laser power and other new energy conversion applications, therubidium has great value.Sichuan Basin is rich in underground brine resources, which is rich in chemicalelements potassium, boron, bromine, iodine lithium, rubidium, magnesium, and itscontent is much higher than the industrial exploitation and utilization of quality. It hasgreat value of mining. This paper was based on previous work. There are manysimilar alkaline metals with rubidium. It is difficult to separate them. I used the brinewhich was extracted sodium chloride, potassium chloride, boric acid, bromine as theresearch object. Exploring the route of evaporation and crystallization and the schemeof rubidium separation through carrying off the old brine evaporation and regularityof rubidium separation, which provided an experimental basis for using rubidium intechnology.This article explores75℃isothermal evaporation experiment and gets the orderand salting enrichment rules for each level off the old halogen ions. Experimentalresults show that the route of the old brine evaporation: Halite+Sylvite, Sylvite+Carnaliite, Sylvite+Carnaliite+Rubidium mixed salt, Halite+Carnaliite+Rubidiummixed salt+Bischoffite. The route of brine crystallization is consistent with the phasediagram, which shows that K+,Na+, Mg2+//Cl--H2O system phase diagram. Isothermalevaporation salting the brine law on the basis of proven, forced the brine evaporationexperiments to get brine salting point at each stage of the program to obtain initialseparation of rubidium. When the evaporation rate was less than24.9%, sodiumchloride and potassium chloride were precipitated; when the evaporation rate was from41.34%to46.73%, the rubidium mixed salt were precipitated, along withmagnesium chloride. As a point of rubidium mixed salt, the content of the solid was:the content of rubidium was0.51%, the content of sodium was4.92%, the content ofpotassium was8.83%, the content of calcium was1.59%, the content of magnesiumwas7.92%.We used forced evaporation of solid phase salt as raw material to explore theinitial separation scheme of rubidium. According that the nature of the magnesiumchloride and calcium chloride are soluble in methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and otherorganic solvents which rubidium chloride and potassium chloride is hard soluble, weuse different types of organic solvent, the organic solvent concentration, washing time,temperature, and quality of the organic solvent and the ratio of mixed salt to study theeffect on the separation of calcium and magnesium salts. The optimum experimentalconditions are that we use95%ethanol and the liquid-solid ratio (mass ratio ofsolvent and solid)3.5:1artificial preparation of mixed salt was washed at roomtemperature for30min which is effectively of separating the calcium and magnesiumand the content control in less than1%. The ammonium ion is easily decomposed byheating. The solid salt was calcined at different temperatures to study the effect on theseparation of ammonium ion. The optimum experimental condition is that the solidsalt was calcined for two hours at350℃. The calcined mixed salt with an amount ofhot distilled by melting, was concentrated by evaporation to separation of potassium,rubidium. The optimum experimental conditions are that hot melting liquid and solidratio (mass ratio of water to solids)2.5:1,3.13times concentrated by evaporation toget the result that the K/Rb was6.20, which can reach the target of projectrequirements. |
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