Synthesis Of Low-Dimensional Nanostructures By Electrospinning And Their Catalytic Activities

With the the development of nano techno logy, one-dimensional （1D） structure has been applied in many areas due to its unique optical and electrical properties. Among the methods to prepare1D structure, electrospinning has been a common methodbecause of its simple device, inexpensive cost, and controllable in its composition. On the other hand, fossil fuels have brought environmental pollution, resulting in clean energy becoming a hot topic in society, Catalytic hydrogen evolution, especially photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, has become a popular issue all over the world due to its non-pollution, low cost, renewable. Semiconductor-based catalyst play an important role in the clean and cost-effective energy fuels owning their unique properties that can be tailored by composition and surfaces for improved performance and due to their abundance. The1D materials by electrospinning can be applied in catalytic area well due to its high specific surface area and controllable in microstructure. Rensently, the combination of electrospinning technology and hydrogen production has attracted much attention in of catalysis.In paper, we prepared the metal oxide semiconductor nanowires by electrospinning and studied their morphologies, structures, catalytic properties and so on. Based on electrospinning, the surface structure and the specific surface area were changed, which had an impact on the catalytic performance. Based on this, we explored the application direction of the electrospinning technology in the catalytic hydrogen production. The main results are as follows:（1） The the effect of exposed high index facet （HIF） atom density of NiO nanowires to the catalytic activities. After the non-equilibrium calcination, there are a large number of surface steps on NiO particles surface, resulting in HIFs retained and eventually leading to a high exposed HIF atom density. Meanwhile, the catalytic performance was positively related to exposed HIF atom density, and when the weight percentage of Ni is30%（NiO₃0%）, the loading mass matio is2wt%, the exposed HIF atom density reached the maximum, and the electrocatalytic performance and photocatalytic performance （150mmol·g-1·h-1） are also reached the best. With the method of combining electrospinning and heat treatment, the surface structure can be modified and the photocatalytic activities can be enhanced, which open new perspectives in the development of cost-effective semiconductor-based catalysts.（2） Combinedelectrospinning and hydrothermal method,2D MoS2nanosheets were changed into1D MoS2/TiO2nanowires, resulting in high specific surface area and enhanced photocatalytic activities. TiO2nanowires were firstly prepared by electrospinning, and then MoS2nanosheet/TiO2nanowire hybrid nanostructures were prepared by hydrothermal method. It was found that there are only5-7layers of MoS2nanosheets and the specific surface area was enhanced to66m2/g, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic activity （16.7mmol·h-1·g-1）. The use of this1D hybrid nanostructure as a catalyst provides us with some general guidelines for overcoming the low efficiencies of other catalysts in water splitting reaction.