Preparation Of Fibrous Superabsorbent Resin

In this paper, waste chemical fibers were used to prepare superabsorbent resin. The form of fibers was hold in order to enhance their intension. Different chemical fibers were used to prepare superabsorbent fibers by means of surface modification, chemical crosslink and high temperature crosslink. The difference of their capabilities was compared and analyzed.In the experiment of hydrolysis of fibers, alkaline hydrolysis of waste PAN fibers were used. Glutaraldehyde was chosen as the crosslink agent. The factors, such as reaction time, reaction temperature, consistency of NaOH, were investigated to make sure the effect on the hydrolysis of each factor. And the factors, such as consistency of glutaraldehyde, crosslink time, crosslink temperature, were investigated to make sure the effect on the crosslink reaction. The experimental results about the best conditions were that reaction time was 6h, and reaction temperature was 90°C, and the consistency of NaOH was 10%, and the consistency of glutaraldehyde was 0.5%, and crosslink time was 1h, and crosslink temperature was 80°C. The absorbency of water was 126 g/g and the absorbency of salt solution was 28.2 g/g.In the experiment of high temperature crosslink, waste fibers were under high temperature treatment at first, and then alkaline hydrolysis were used. The factors, such as treatment time, treatment temperature, reaction time, reaction temperature were investigated to make sure the effect on the hydrolysis of each factor. The experimental results about the best conditions were that under 230°C the treatment time was 25min, reaction time was 5h, and reaction temperature was 90°C. The absorbency of water was 63.3 g/g and the absorbency of salt solution was 25.1 g/g.In the experiment of waste viscose cellulose fibers modification, the methods of alkalization, etherification and crosslink were used to prepare superabsorbent fibers. Bromoacetic acid was chosen as etherification agent and glutaraldehyde was chosen as the crosslink agent. The factors, such as alkalization conditions, etherification time, etherification temperature, crosslink time, crosslink temperature were investigated to make sure the effect on the hydrolysis of each factor. The experimental results about the best conditions were that 2.5g cellulose fibers in 10g NaOH with 50ml isopropyl alcohol and 50ml deionized water, and etherification time was 3h, and etherification temperature was 50°C, and crosslink time was 2h, and crosslink temperature was 50°C. The absorbency of water was 30.5 g/g and the absorbency of salt solution was 16 g/g.The difference of capabilities of those methods were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the abosrbent velocity of chemical crosslink PAN fibers was the best relatively, and the one of cellulose fibers modification was worst relatively. The absorbency in deionized water of chemical crosslink PAN fibers was the largest relatively, and the one of cellulose fibers modification was the least relatively. While in salt solution, the difference between the absorbency of 3 kinds of fibers was indistinctive.Nevertheless, hydrolyzing processes on the chemical structure of the fiber, the surface of the fibers were also discussed using FTIR and SEM.