The Institutional Innovation Of Distribution According To Work In The Process Of Marketization Reform

The distribution according to work is one of socialist economy system's key characters. Marx proposed takes the socialism goods for individual consumption assignment by the distribution according to work the basic principle. The distribution according to work conceives the primary coverage is take the working time as a criterion, after making the essential deduction subsistence means to carry on the assignment, the worker receives the subsistence means depending on the work certificate. But, the Marx's distribution according to work conceives realizes needs to have certain premise, namely socialist society shape, product economy shape, the higher level of productivity. Therefore, we must appraise Marx's distribution according to work tentative plan dialectically and objectively.At the beginning of our country, because of our unclear understanding of the socialism, and our doctrine type understanding of Marx's distribution according to work, we designed assignment system retracing the steps. In the planned economy time, our country practices "the wage system" in the cities, and practices "the workpoint system" in the countryside, on the surface is the members of different social classes acts according to the work contribution claim work achievement, in fact it is extremely unfair. Marx's distribution according to work had evolved to one kind of alienation of "egalitarianism." Investigates its reason, first, as a result of technical limitations, it is unable to calculate the labor accurate. Second, the planned economy system has restricted the distribution according to work principle implementation.In the early stage of marketization reforms, the wage system of "the work efficiency suspension hook" was practiced in the state owned business, and the household undertaking management was practiced in the countryside, and the 13th party congress proposes the principle that taking the distribution according to work as the main body other ways of distribution added. After the 14th party congress, our country began full access to the establishment of a socialist market economy period, the reform of distribution according to work also entered a new stage, namely established the distribution system to adapt to the socialist market economic system. The 14^th party congress proposed that we must insist the distribution system of taking the distribution according to work as the main body and many kinds of type of distribution coexisting. The 15th party congress proposed that combine the distribution according to work and the distribution according to factor. The 16th party congress establishing the rule that labor, capital, technology and management and other factors participate in the distribution according to their contribution. The 17th party congress proposed that we will gradually increase the share of personal income in the distribution of national income, and raise that of work remuneration in primary distribution. Since reform and opening, the reform experience of our country distribution according to work system mainly has been reflected on insisting that take the distribution according to work as the main body, and the distribution system breakthrough simplification pattern, and the distribution according to work obtains basically in the state owned business carries out, and unifies the distribution according to work and the socialist market economy.Although our country distribution according to work system reform has made the gradual progress, but our country distribution according to work theory and in the practice exploration also exists insufficient at the present. For example, some scholars are unclear the effective area of the distribution according to work under the socialist market economy condition. They thought that the distribution according to work can only implement in the public ownership economy. The erroneous zone of our country distribution system reform will lead us astray, and will not favor the development of our country socialist market economy and the harmony of our society. Receives the spirit of Marxist to keeping pace with the times and innovating unceasingly, this article has carried on the theory innovation and the institutional innovations to the distribution according to work concerning the factual development in China. In the theory innovation aspect, has discussed the work connotation and the extension, the implication of the distribution according to work, the essence of the distribution according to work, and the premise of the distribution according to work, as well as the method of realizing the union of the distribution according to work and according to the element of production assignment perfectly. In the institutional innovations aspect, in order to insisting and perfecting the distribution according to work system, this article proposed calculating material capital and human capital's value, reforming the enterprise wage payment system deeply, improving the system of whacking up the profits in the stock company, changing the law of corporation, establishing normal growth mechanism of wages, strengthening macro adjustment and control on income, displaying the guidance function of the state owned business's aspects and so on. Therefore, in our country marketability reform process, carrying on the innovation to the distribution according to work system has the very vital significance.