| The several natural catastrophe events, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the heavy snowstorm in South China in 2008, and the Japanese earthquake and following tsunami on 11 March 2011, which occurred in the new era of 21st century. Nowadays, "catastrophe insurance" become a public issue. The researches on catastrophe insurance have been long discussed. Sorts of articles focus on modes and characteristics of the catastrophe insurance system established in main counties of the world. Based on an international comparison of those catastrophe insurance systems, the article sums up the successful experience of the countries and areas around the world on how to solve the theoretical dilemma such as adverse choice and moral hazard in catastrophe insurance system, then makes the policy proposal on idea and framework design level for construction of the catastrophe insurance system in China. Under this research purpose, the article contains following chapters:Chapter one is an introduction. Based on the data and facts of the situation, explain the necessity of the establishment and research of the catastrophe insurance, combs and evaluates some important theories in catastrophe insurance. According to the current situation and deficiency of the researches, this chapter puts forward the questions, mentality and methods of this research. Chapter two is about some basic concepts and relative theories. The part reviews the concepts of disaster, catastrophe, risk, risk management, and catastrophe insurance, and expounds the relative theories such as public policy and public goods.Chapter three is the current situation of catastrophe insurance in China. From the perspective on the behavior of main actors, individual, insurance companies and government, in catastrophe insurance, based on the cognition on market failure in catastrophe insurance system, and combined with the situation in China, the part puts forward the problem of government absence in catastrophe insurance.Chapter four is the international comparison. The part selects American National Flood Insurance Program, British Flood Insurance, New Zealand Earthquake Insurance, Japan Earthquake Reinsurance, and California Earthquake Authority as research cases. Reviewed the development of these catastrophe insurances and the problems occurred in their development, this chapter does a comparison on the construction of relevant legal, the way of operation, organization, responsibility, premium rate, the source of fund and the role of government in these catastrophe insurance system.Chapter five is try to construct the catastrophe insurance system in China. Based the international comparison, this dissertation considers that construction of catastrophe insurance in China should emphasize the cognition and design of mechanism, establish a social catastrophe insurance system which combining market with government. As one of the social management policies for development, social catastrophe insurance should be put on public policy constituting agenda. Moreover, this dissertation considered that the comprehensive catastrophe insurance system is not suitable for China. Combining with practical situation in China, we thinks that:Firstly, China should establish the single catastrophe insurance system and then perfect and upgrade the system. Secondly, the social catastrophe insurance which regards family as unit can adopt the pattern of government regulation separate from management. Thirdly, the reinsurance mechanism should be introduced to decentralize the operation risk. Fourthly, as a tool of catastrophe management, social catastrophe insurance should establish the risk controlling mechanism by floating rate system. Finally, communication mechanism, legal mechanism, and the effective competitive and elimination mechanism are also important in the construction of the social catastrophe insurance system in China. |
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