| In order to accelerate the industrialization in China, our country resource allocation tilted to city in the long run, which leads a large difference of resource allocation between urban and rural areas. Since 90s of the 20th century, along with the rapid development of our economy, the income of urban and rural residents increases and the income gap between urban and rural residents had a significantly expanding trend. What sort of relationship between Resource allocation difference and the income gap? How to coordinate the equilibrium configuration and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents? These questions generally had been focused on by the governments at all levels and scholars.In this paper, at the beginning we will have a statistical analysis on the present situation and features of the income gap and resource allocation between urban and rural areas, which is based on the review of related theory. And then to construct multiple factors affecting measurement model to do an empirical analysis and inspection between the income gap and the disparity of resources'allocation in urban and rural areas, including using STATA which is a software dealing with panel data to do unit root test, co-integration analysis, econometric analysis with panel data model and so on. Finally, at the view of improving the resource allocation tilt, this paper will deeply discusses the countermeasure policies to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents. The main conclusions of this paper are:(1)There is a significantly gap between urban and rural which are investigated both micro and macro, and the performances are the gradually expanding trend of the income ratio and the absolute income gap. From the analysis of income gap in different areas we find that: there is a significant correlation-ship between the economic develop level and the income gap, that is to say the much more backwardness and lower development, the larger income gap will be.(2)The financial resources, material resources, human resources and financial resources are seriously tilted to urban areas from the founding. Because of the tilted situation, the agricultural loans both increment and stock are far less than loans in urban. The annual growing rate of the total fixed investment in rural is far below that in urban. There is a significant difference in human resources allocation between urban and rural, the average year of receiving education in urban is far higher than that in rural. In the developed region there is an inconspicuous difference in education situation, but in the undeveloped region there is a significant difference. There is a significant tendency to urban in financial expenditure, the financial expenditure for urban is far more than that for rural, and so do the financial expenditure rate and the annual growth.(3)There is a long-term co-integration relationship among the income gap, the fiscal expenditure of urban and rural areas, the fixed assets investment per person and the human capital situation between urban and rural. There is a negative correlation between the income gap and the fixed investment per person, the financial expenditure per person in rural; there is a positive correlation between the income gap and the fixed investment per person, the financial expenditure per person in urban; there is a positive correlation between the income gap and the education situation of the provincial unit. The resource allocation difference has a greatly influence to the income gap in both the developed eastern region and the western undeveloped region.(4)The countermeasures to narrow the income gap include: make full use of the government and the market on the distribution of resource; strengthen the adjustment of the income redistribution between urban and rural residents; promote urban-rural equilibrium of resource allocation; strengthen the government support to agriculture; accelerate the process of urbanization and industrialization. |
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