A Study Of The Effect Of Shared Resource On Innovation Performance Of Firm Based On High-tech Industrial Cluster

With emergence of industrial cluster, the cluster have became a development model in some area in which the entrepreneurial activity is more active than others, especially in the process of high-tech firm creation, the cluster as a strategy of firm growth and development, the effect of cluster is not only on the regional economy and society, but the firm network of cluster also supply the special opportunities and resources to the growing new venture. The entrepreneurial firms can shared some intangible and deep-order resources with other firms in cluster, these are fuzzy and unidentified to outside firms. Entrepreneurial firms can improve their innovation performance by shared the resources, promote the advantage of new venture creation and growth, make them fast growth.An industry cluster is a group of companies that rely on an active set of relationships among themselves for individual efficiency and competitiveness. These relationships fall into three general categories. They are buyer-supplier relationships, competitor and collaborator relationships and shared-resource relationships. Shared-resource relationships exist when firms rely on the same sources of raw materials, technology, human resources, and information even though they may use these resources to produce goods and services for very different markets. In term of this statement, the firm cluster can benefit from the exchange of the information and tacit knowledge, also can benefit form strategy cooperation. So these characters can make individual firm benefit from exploit exist technologies and opportunities.F. Xavier Molina-Morales(2001) refer to shared resource is intangible or higher-order resources and capabilities shared by industrial district firms. In the same way, the advanced factors included in Porter's (1990) diamond model may be understood as similar kinds of resources. They are neither exclusive nor the property of the individual firm and they are not made available to outside firms. Faculty shared resource is a strategy asset, which is valuable, scared, un-imitated and non-substitute. Wu(2004) refer that shared resource of cluster include cluster band, innovative knowledge of cluster, capability of organization learning of cluster and atmosphere of competitive and cooperation of cluster, and so on, these intangible strategy resources of cluster are considered as shared resource.Shared resources also present causal ambiguity (Lippman&Rumelt,1982) for the nonmembers and the outside firms are unaware of the combination of resources that lead district members to success, which, again, makes them difficult to imitate. Enright (1998) calls for that the regional advantages are born from complex, and specific tacit knowledge. Solvell&Zander(1998) used the concept of the isolating mechanism in the local innovation systems to underline the strategic nature of these collective resources. These social capital based resources are highly immobile. This type of knowledge is based on history-bound routines, business practices, unique institutions and multiple links among actors (Porter and Solvell, 1998).We believe that the advantage of cluster come from the using of shared resource. These resources include the common reputation, the exchange and combination of resources and the participation of the local institutions. All of these are frequently discussed in the industrial district literature. First, within the industrial district there exists a collective or common reputation (Becattini, 1990). This reputation possesses similar attributes to reputation at the firm level. Likewise, the industrial district has been viewed as a dense network of actors providing an intense social interaction and relational trust that allow the intensive exchange and combination of resources among firms (Uzzi, 1996). Finally, the industrial district is a field of political actions due to the participation of the local institutions that provide support and services to the whole district (McEvily & Zaheer, 1999). The paper mainly contains the following contents. Firstly, theory literature review. In term of the objective of the study, the paper gives an overview of the theory of industrial cluster, the resource based theory, and so on. And defines the conceptions of this research, these laid the groundwork for the further research.Secondly, the mechanism of shared resource formation and action. The paper use firm network, economic rent and transaction cost theory to discuss the mechanism of shared resource formation, and research the effect of shared resource on the innovation performance.Thirdly, the research on the model of shared resource formation and action. In term of the analysis of shared resource formation and action, the paper gives the hypotheses of the relationships between shared resource, resource picking and innovation performance, by reasoning or logical argument, and then build the theory model.Finally, empirical research. The measurement instruments are designed firstly, and the questionnaire survey is used to collect data. We choose the high-tech firm of Changchun high-tech industrial development area as the sample. And sent 190 questionnaires, and recovery about 110 questionnaires, there are 90% is effective. We use AMOS4.0 software to analysis the data, and test the hypotheses.The results of this research imply that the effects of shared resource on the resource picking and innovation performance are more different, 6 hypotheses are supported in 10s, the effect of common reputation on technology resource picking and innovation performance is positive and significant, the effect of participation of institutions on human resource and technology resource picking and innovation performance is positive and significant, and the human resource picking is helpful to technology resources picking; however the positive effect of common resource on human resource picking is not significant, and the effect of the exchange and combination of resources on the resource picking and innovation performance is not significant.The results of empirical research show that the shared resource is effect by the structure of cluster network, the formation of shared resource is step by step. So, the network governance is the beginning of the advantage of cluster, the policy maker not only support the good policies, but also need to participate to the governance of network, make the network institutions play a good roles, strength the connection among the firms, and build the foundation of knowledge resources exchanges. Make the advantage of cluster expression fully, promote the new venture creation and growth.