| Currently, the developing condition of small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province is unfavorable. Since our country opened the banking industry completely to foreign capitals in 2006, small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province have not only to stand the pressures from the large-sized state-owned banks, but also face the impact brought by the coming foreign-capital banks. Therefore, it's very necessary to study the developing strategies for them at this moment. This paper is to study the developing strategies for those small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province, which benefits the healthy and stable developments of Jilin's economy while reaching the goal of perfecting the financial system of Jilin Province. Thus, the study in this paper holds great theoretic and realistic significances.For our country joined in WTO in 2000 and the banking was facing serious impact by international banks, the studies on the developing strategies for small and medium-sized financial institutions done by the national scholars reached the peak in 1999. However, there are still some defects in the national scholars'studies on small and medium-sized financial institutions. Firstly, on theoretic researches, the existing literatures have never differentiated the economically development degrees of regions where small and medium-sized financial institutions locate, so the conclusions may be not universal. Through combining with the economically developing conditions of such regions, the samples always are developed provinces like Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong; therefore, it lacks studies on small and medium-sized financial institutions in undeveloped areas. Secondly, on strategy studies, there are less detailed studies on developing modes small and medium-sized financial institutions with different sizes in same regions. Thirdly, on studying methods, incompleteness still exists in establishments of financing relationship modes between small and medium-sized financial institutions and small and medium-sized enterprises. Accordingly, with respect to theoretic study, this paper, based on the economic developments of regions, is studying the supports of small and medium-sized financial institutions in undeveloped regions to local small and medium-sized enterprises as well as their own operational efficiencies; on strategy study, this paper further subdivides the small and medium-sized institutions, studies profoundly the developing modes of small and medium-sized institutions of different types and brings forwards corresponding developing strategies.This paper is divided to be four parts to study the small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province, and comes to a basic conclusion and related suggestions via empirical analysis on the current developing situation, their relationships with small and medium-sized enterprises in Jilin Province and their own operational efficiencies.Chapter I provides a theoretic summary of small and medium-sized financial institutions. At first, the chapter introduces the concept of small and medium-sized financial institutions and the studying scope of this paper; then analyses the particularity of small and medium-sized financial institutions; and finally, it analyses the reasonability of the existence of small and medium-sized financial institutions from two aspects: economy of scale and property rights economy, which settles a theoretic base for the study.In Chapter II, it investigates the current developing situation of national and foreign small and medium-sized financial institutions. This chapter gives an introduction of the current development situation of foreign small and medium-sized financial institutions and the revelation of their successful experience to the small and medium-sized financial institutions of our country; and then, it investigates the developing situations of the small and medium-sized financial institutions in our country with a focus on the developing conditions of small and medium-sized financial institutions in developed provinces and region and Shanghai, Guangdong and Zhejiang as well as referencable experience; at last, it analyses the practical necessity of the development of small and medium-sized financial institutions: comparing with the international society, it's difficult for the small and medium-sized financial institutions of our country to meet the economic needs; considering the developing trend, the existence and development of small and medium-sized financial institutions are able to complete the financial system of our country and satisfy the diversified financial needs; on economic development, the existence and development are necessary for supporting developments of small and medium-sized financial institutions and regional economic developments.Chapter III provides an empirical analysis of the small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province. The chapter includes four parts: at first, it investigates the developing situation of the small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province (including institution quantity, persons engaged, total assets, distribution, organizational structure, business range, market shares of deposits and loans and also comparisons with large-scale state-owned banks in the region and small and medium-sized financial institutions in developed provinces and regions); secondly, it introduces the relationship of the small and medium-sized financial institutions with the small and medium-sized enterprises of Jilin Province; thirdly, it analyses the operational efficiencies of the small and medium-sized financial institutions of Jilin Province. Based on the analysis of the contents in these three parts, we find the problems of the small and medium-sized financial institutions of Jilin Province during their developments (weak strength, centralized distribution, uneven development, unsatisfying performance in financing supports to small and medium-sized enterprises and low operational efficiency etc.), and further find out the restricting factors based on external and internal environments. Thereinto, in the part introducing the relationship of the small & medium financial institutions and small & medium enterprises in Jilin provinces, this paper finds out the unsatisfying points in the model designed by Dr. Cheng Huixia from Tsinghua University via reference of the model, and makes a revision of the model, in which we add the production values of small and medium-sized enterprises in the previous year based on the original model and extend the sample volume. So, this paper takes the production values of small and medium-sized enterprises of Jilin Province in a defined period ln[Y (t )] as the explained variable, and the balance of loans of large-scale, small and medium-sized financial institutions in the same period ln[ K l(t )], ln[ K m + s(t )] as well as the production values of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jilin Province in the previous period as the explanatory variables to explain the relationship between the small and medium-sized financial institutions and small and medium-sized enterprises: Thereinto,ε(t ) is the white noise sequence. In this paper, it selects production values of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jilin Province, balances of loans of large-scale financial institutions of Jilin, and balance of loans of small and medium-sized financial institutions during 1997 ~ 2003; and, via the increased production values of small and medium-sized enterprises, the balances of loans of large financial institutions as well as the balances of loans of small and medium-sized financial institutions during 1997 and 2003, calculates the increment and the balances of loans of large-scale, small and medium-sized financial institutions and the correlation measure of the production-value increment of small and medium-sized enterprises. The result of regression analysis shows that: the small and medium-sized financial institutions of Jilin Province have a promotive function to the local small and medium-sized enterprises, and the production values of small and medium-sized enterprises increase RMB 1.034 for per RMB 1 increase of loans from small and medium-sized financial institutions; but this is lower comparing with the national level of RMB 1.204. For the model to measure the operational efficiencies of small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province, this paper chooses the factor analysis brought forward by Thurstone in 1931. The indexes used for the comparative analysis include assets profit ratio, capital profit rate, profit per capita, rate of non-performing loans, current ratio, increasing rate of assets, deposit per capita, deposit-loan ratio, rate of total loans and total assets. In this paper, it picks out the cross section data of 10 financial institutions of 2006 to structure the factor analysis model, and the 10 financial institutions include Changchun Branch of China Everbright Bank, Changchun Commercial Bank, Jilin Commercial Bank, Changchun City Credit Cooperative, Changchun Rural Credit Cooperative and some large state-owned banks in Jilin Province. The outcome indicates that: in the overall situation, the comprehensive scores of the operational efficiencies of Jilin small and medium-sized financial institutions are better than those of those large state-owned banks, but there are a series of problems and risks in their own operations: higher ratio of non-performing loans, worse current and smaller increasing rate of assets.Chapter IV is making a strategy selection for the small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province. In this Chapter, on the basis of a profound anatomy of the current developing situation and restricting factors of the small and medium-sized financial institutions in Jilin Province, it provides some suggestions for the development of the small and medium-sized financial institutions with a purpose of strengthening the competence and sustainable development, and the suggestions include improving the external environment (for example, perfecting the financial environment of Jilin Province, reinforcing financial monitoring, advising the governments to provide less interferences but more supports etc) and regulating the internal environments of small and medium-sized financial institutions (for example, perfecting the corporate governance structure, completing the internal governing system, specifying the market orientation, improving technologies and recruiting talents). Finally, it brings forwards a special developing model for the small and medium-sized financial institutions of Jilin Province based on the developing principles for the regional economy and the small and medium-sized financial institutions of Jilin Province. |
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