Study On Korea's R&D Investment And Development

At present, the competition of state-to-state is mainly focus on the competition of national comprehensive strength. The technical strength, the technical competitive power and independent innovation ability are more and more important to national comprehensive strength at the knowledge-based economy ages. The R&D investment has already became an important indicater to measure a countrie's science and technology development, the technological innovation and even the comprehensive national strength. Therefore, it has also become a theorists hot topic about the R&D investment question research.In less than 40 years, the Republic of Korea becoming a country which owns stronger science and technology strenght, science and technology competition power and independent innovation ability on the base of an agricultural country whit poor science and technology ,that even couldn't make a bicycle since 1960s. Now it has succeesfully entered the rank of"the universally accepted innovation country"and also becomes the third developed country only follows Japan and Singapore in Asia.Review of the history of Korea's science and technology development in the past nearly 40years,we can find that R&D invested has played a vital role in it.The R&D investment mainly includes two parts: the funds investment and the personnel invests. Our country always focus on the R&D funds the investment, however, the R&D personnel also is an extremely important indicater to measure a countrie's R&D investment . Only when you study the both parts, you can more comprehensively and objectively reflect the scale, the structure and the quality of the R&D activity. The thesis uses R&D investment description pattern with massive data, many tables and charts, and studied the two aspects of Korea's R&D investment: the funds investment and the personnel investment.In the funds investment,the writer studied it thoroughly and carefully from the total amount and intensity of the investment, source of funds(government, enterprise and other funds),the flow and composition of R&D expenditure(research stage, sector of performance,type of costs and technology type), the personnel investment (trend of total R&D personnel, trend of number of scientists and engineers), the number of researchers by sector of performance(companies, public research institutes and universities), the writer studied it preliminarily from the status and trend of R&D personne R&D personnel accupation(researchers, researcher assistants and other supporting persons), the number of researchers by major field of study(2005, natural science, engineering, medical science and agriculture etc.), the number of researchers by degree and the number of researchers by gender, Korea's government R&D funds investment and the management mechanism and made the R&D funds investment research as emphasis.Korea's total amount of investment and the investment intensity successively have all experienced two stages: grown fast but the absolute value was small , grown steadylybut the absolute value was large. This kind of historical evolution has reflected the history of Korea's economy and technical development.In the preceding stage, Korea's economy is in the start and soaraway time, the level of dependency from as immaterial leads to the science and technology. The science and technology primarily changes the digestion, the absorption by the study imitation innovates again. In the second stage, Korea's economy is in the stable development time, the level of dependency is higher to the science and technology, is receives the technology advancement in the high technology and new technology industry domain the restriction and the decision. In this stage, Korea's technical innovation ability got a great enhancement, and become more and more important to the growth of economy, and it causes Korea became"the most competitive of technical economic in Asia".Korea's source of R&D funds and the flow and composition of R&D expenditure in the funds and goes to in the structure has also experienced the government-led to the enterprise-led. Now, the enterprise is both the main R&D funds provider and the main disbursement and the main R&D activity undertaker. This kind of evolution had reflected government's and the enterprise grow the role transformation in the advance in technology and the economy, indicated the enterprise already became the absolute main body which the promotion advance in technology and the economy grew.Korea's proportion to the basic research investment was high ,had achieved the developed country's level, was further promotes national the technical strength and independent innovation ability has provided the stamina. Our country's basic research investment proportion is comparatively low, only then the developed country 1/4-1/3, the disbursement structure still treated the optimization.While researching Korea's R&D investment, the writer also selected three representative nations,such as U.S.A, Japan and China,to make comparison with Korea. On this foundation, briefly summarized the characteristics of Korea's R&D investment.Though the study on Korea's R&D investment, the writer discovered some questions which exist in China's R&D investment, draw lessons from Korea and proposed counterplans for us.