| According to new growth theory, technological progress is a source of economic growth. And in an open economy, technological advances come mainly from two aspects, technological innovation in domestic enterprises and scientific research institutions and technology transfer from foreign companies including technology transfer and technology spillovers. It has been an important way for developing countries to get access to technology spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment (referred to as FDI) to promote technological progress.Under the new situation of economic globalization and China's accession to the WTO, the new policy of revitalization of northeast old industrial bases has brought Jilin Province new opportunities and challenges. It has been the main aspect of strengthening the overall competitiveness of Jilin Province whether to integrate external resources into economic development to contribute to the economy. In the more than 20 years of reform and opening up, Jilin Province has made remarkable achievements to take advantage of foreign investment. However, such an achievement is not enough. In the new era, Jilin Province should use foreign capital more effectively to upgrade the utilization of foreign investment onto a new level. While enlarging the scale and improving the quality of foreign capital, make it work better for the economic development of Jilin Province and play an important role in the optimization of industrial structure and the improvement of the Jilin economic competitiveness.This paper studies whether foreign direct investment in Jilin Province has got the technology spillover effect as well as the ways in which this effect influences the economic development of Jilin Province, and proposes related suggestions.This paper begins with the background and significance of this topic. And then, it shows the possibility and necessity to research technology spillover effect of Foreign Direct Investment, introduces research content and methods and gives the roadmap according to the framework of the full text.Then, it overviews the scholars'researches of technology spillovers of foreign direct investment, laying a theoretical foundation for the research work. Technology spill-over effect refers to the function of involuntary spread of technology of international corporations from the internal to the host country enterprises, by means of product development technology, production technology, management techniques, marketing technology and R & D capability, which penetrate into the host country enterprises to promote their technological progress or increase competition in the market, so as to stimulate the country's technological progress and economic growth effects. Spillover effect happens in four main channels, namely the model and mimic effect, market competition effect, the inter-firm before and after linkages as well as the effect of human capital. Apart from the positive negative FDI technology spillover effects researched by scholars home and abroad, it introduces some research results about FDI technology spillover effect in some regions of China.This paper introduces the use of foreign investment in Jilin Province, analyzes influencing factors of technology spillovers and raises existing problems. From 1983 to now, foreign investment in Jilin Province has undergone a three-stage process, made by an initial stage, development stage and stable stage of development. Foreign Direct Investment has become the most important way of using foreign capital. During the joint venture, cooperation, wholly foreign-owned and foreign-invested shares, which are four ways to use foreign direct investment, joint venture takes up the largest proportion, while the proportion of joint-stock is the smallest. But wholly foreign-owned share is increasing, and there is a trend for more to become wholly-owned. Foreign Direct Investment in Jilin Province goes mainly into the second industry and tertiary industry, less to primary industry, concentrating in the manufacturing, production and supply of electricity gas and water, real estate, construction, services for residents and other services. Foreign Direct Investment in Jilin Province comes from a wide range of companies all over the world, mainly from Asia, Europe, North America and some countries and regions in other continents.Looking from the four channels of technology spill-over effect, expansion of the use of foreign capital of Jilin Province, and increase of economic cooperation and regional cooperation has have showed remarkable achievements in opening up and will bring an open market; Jilin province is rich in human resources, with 44 general colleges and universities by the end of 2008, including Jilin University, Northeast Normal University and other well-known comprehensive university, creating favorable conditions for obtaining technology spillovers; The role of industrial clustering in Jilin Province is not large, and industrial chain is less developed; The trend to become self-owned hinders the demonstration and imitation effects. In addition, total sum of foreign capital attracted and utilized by Jilin Province is small; The channels to use foreign capital is narrow and the form is single; foreign businessmen invest in over-centralized industries and geographical distribution. Next is the empirical analysis in this article. According to Cobb-Douglas production function, based on 1998-2007 statistical of Jilin Province, it measures the total factor productivity(TFP)in Jilin Province, and do a correlation analysis between FDI and TFP, to study whether foreign direct investment in Jilin Province has got technology spillover effect; Further, using Jilin Province 1998-2007 statistical data, it builds a multiple linear regression model in which the extent of foreign investment, the combination of foreign investment and human capital and the degree of competition in the market are explanatory variables and Jilin Province GDP is explained variable, in order to analyze by what ways foreign direct investment technology spillovers affect the economic development of Jilin Province. The results show that: technology spillover effect of direct foreign investment in Jilin Province exists and the effect is significant; the human resources in Jilin Province contribute play a role, and the flow between foreign-invested and local enterprises in Jilin Province speeds up the spread and proliferation of technology; competitive effect is the main channel for technology spillovers'happen; foreign direct investment technology spillovers has not come up although the extent degree of foreign investment increases.On the basis of quantitative and qualitative analysis in front, it puts forward some proposals about promoting foreign direct investment technology spillovers. Open more fields and improve the level of competition in the market to provide international investors with new areas, and improve the quality and the level of utilization of foreign investment in Jilin Province; Strengthen the effect of inter-firm linkages, and particularly through the construction industry, nurturing manufacturing enterprise groups and building a high-tech industrial park to strengthen the industrial clustering effect; By the introduction, education and training as well as co-operation between government, colleges and universities and enterprises, cultivate human resources and perfect the mechanism of human mobility, in order to provide sufficient technical personnel reserves; According to different nature of funds from different countries, different nature of the investment industries and different characteristics of technologies, bring out relevant policies and preferential terms, and except FDI from Asia, absorb more funds from European and American regions, in order to optimize the structure of the sources of foreign investment; Actively guide the direction of foreign investment and encourage investment in agriculture, high-tech industries and basic industries; Encourage foreign businessmen to set up R & D centers in Jilin Province. |
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