The Research About The Value Of Time Based On Road Congestion Pricing

Value of travel time can be divided into resource value of time and behavior value of time. From a macroscopical point of view,resource value of time is mainly used for evaluating the economic benefits of transport investment reasonably,and improving the scientific nature of decision-making.From a microscopical point of view,behavior value of time is of great significance in revealing how the consumers to give a choice between different transport modes, how to achieve a balance between them and how to improve the efficiency and capacity of transport.Based on this,resource value of time and behavior value of time in this article have been explored in different levels.For the resource value of time,there are production method, income method,cost method,income-cost method and production-cost method.Based on the analysis of their advantages and disadvantages,estimation on the resource value of time from the dynamic perspective has been proposed trially,seeing urban traffic as a dynamical system, the differential equations have been constructed to solve the problem.For behavior value of time,the impact factors and characteristics of value of time have been analysised in this paper,some representative factors are selected as variables in utility function.The Mixed Logit model for transport route choice is established based on the theory of disaggregating model and the private car owners' trip survey data about congestion pricing in Dalian city.It is important that the income factor is taken into account in nonlinear form, and distributions of variables' coefficients have been discussed in different forms.The maximum likelihood estimation method and Bayesian statistical method are used for calibrating the parameters of the model,ultimately coefficients' distributions are consistant with in line with the travelers' characteristics and the expectation of the value of time are identified,the result is perfect.Finally,by adjusting the share rate between the charging road and the free road,we know that congestion pricing has been an effective method to deal with the problem of traffic jam, and to be an inevitable trend in the future development of urban transport.